Supported Video & Audio Formats

Video Formats

These formats are primarily used for compressing rendered sequences into a playable movie (they can also be used to make plain audio files).

A codec is a little routine that compresses the video so that it will fit on a Blu-ray, or be able to be streamed out over the Internet, over a cable, or just be a reasonable file size. Codecs compress the channels of a video down to save space and enable continuous playback. Lossy codecs make smaller files at the expense of image quality, while lossless codecs compress as much as possible the video, but without losing any existing data.

Manche Codecs, wie H.264, sind großartig für größere Bilder. Codecs werden zum Kodieren und Dekodieren des Films benutzt, und müssen daher sowohl im kodierenden Programm, als auch dem Zielrechner vorhanden sein. Die Ergebnisse der Kodierung werden in einer Containerdatei gespeichert.

Es gibt Dutzende, wenn nicht Hunderte von Codecs, wie Xvid, H.264, DivX, Microsoft, usw. Jeder einzelne hat seine Vorteile und Nachteile, und bietet Kompatibilität mit unterschiedlichen Videoplayern auf verschiedenen Betriebssystemen.

Bemerkung

Most codecs can only compress the RGB or YUV colors, but some support the Alpha channel as well. Codecs that support RGBA include:

• FFmpeg video codec #1

• PNG

• Quicktime

• PNG TIFF Pixlet is not lossless, and may be only available on macOS.

• WebM/VP9 (although Blender will not import the alpha channel due to a limitation of FFmpeg).

Blender offers three ways to export videos, in the File Format selector of the Output properties:

AVI JPEG

AVI but with JPEG compression. Lossy, smaller files but not as small as you can get with a Codec compression algorithm. JPEG compression is also the one used in the DV format used in digital camcorders.

AVI Raw

Audio-Video Interlaced (AVI) uncompressed frames.

FFmpeg Video

Video encoding via the FFmpeg library. Which codecs are available depends on the operating system and FFmpeg version. This options allows for a lot of different encodings, some presets are available (to the right of the Encoding subpanel) to help with getting started. This option is also the only one allowing to export audio.

FFmpeg - Container

MPEG-1: .mpg, .mpeg

A standard for lossy compression of video and audio. It is designed to compress VHS-quality raw digital video and CD audio down to 1.5 Mbit/s. This container enforces the video codec, you can only define quality parameters, and the audio codec.

MPEG-2: .dvd, .vob, .mpg, .mpeg

A standard for „the generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information“. It describes a combination of lossy video compression and lossy audio data compression methods which permit storage and transmission of movies using currently available storage media (notably DVDs) and transmission bandwidth. This container enforces the video codec, you can only define quality parameters, and the audio codec.

MPEG-4: .mp4, .mpg, .mpeg

While being a video codec, it is also a real container, in which you can store video and audio streams using various codecs. It is widely supported by many modern software and hardware players.

AVI: .avi

A derivative of the Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF). One of the first and most widely used video container format.

Quicktime: .mov

A multi-tracks format. QuickTime and MP4 container formats can use the same codecs. They are mostly interchangeable in a QuickTime-only environment. MP4, being an international standard, has more support.

DV: .dv

An intra-frame video compression scheme, used by many digital camcorders back in the days. It uses the discrete cosine transform (DCT, similar algorithm to JPEG) to compress video on a frame-by-frame basis. Audio is stored uncompressed. This container enforces the video codec, you can only define quality parameters.

Ogg: .ogg, .ogv

A free open-standard container format, that can hold an unlimited number of video, audio, picture or subtitle tracks in one file.

Matroska: .mkv

A free open-standard container format, a file format that can hold an unlimited number of video, audio, picture or subtitle tracks in one file.

Flash: .flv

A container file format used to deliver video over the Internet using Adobe Flash Player. This container enforces the video codec, you can only define quality parameters.

WebM: .webm

A free open-standard container format, designed to be used for internet streaming. Note that this container can only hold a VP9 video codec, and Vorbis or Opus audio codecs.

FFmpeg Video Codecs

These options are not available with all Containers.

No Video

For audio-only encoding.

DNxHD

Intended to be usable as both an intermediate format suitable for use while editing, and as a presentation format. It can be either lossless or lossy.

DV

See Containers.

FFmpeg video codec #1

FFV1 is a lossless intra-frame video codec. It can use either variable length coding or arithmetic coding for entropy coding. The encoder and decoder are part of the free, open-source library libavcodec in FFmpeg. Supports an alpha channel.

Flash Video

See Containers.

H.264

A modern variation of the MPEG-4 family, this lossy codec is very commonly used. It offers a very good compression/quality ratio.

HuffYUV

Lossless video codec created by Ben Rudiak-Gould which is meant to replace uncompressed YCbCr as a video capture format.

MPEG-1

See Containers.

MPEG-2

See Containers.

MPEG-4(DivX)

Inherits many of the features of MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and other related standards, but also adds new features.

PNG

Lossless, this stores each frame as an independent image in the video stream. Compression will be poor, but as every frame is fully self-contained, scrubbing and editing can be simpler. Supports an alpha channel.

QT rle / QT Animation

Original format of QuickTime videos. Supports an alpha channel.

Theora

A free open-standard lossy codec designed together with the Ogg container.

WEBM / VP9:

A free open-standard lossy video compression format. One of the most recent codecs, it is widely used for internet streaming.

FFmpeg Audio Codecs

No Audio

Zum Kodieren von ausschließlich Videos.

AAC

Advanced Audio Codec, ein standardisiertes, verlustbehaftetes Kompressions- und Kodierungsschema für digitales Audio. AAC erreicht bei ähnlichen Bitraten im Allgemeinen eine bessere Klangqualität als MP3.

AC3

Audio Codec 3, eine von Dolby Laboratories entwickelte Audio-Kompressionstechnologie.

FLAC

Free Lossless Audio Codec. Von FLAC’s Algorithmus komprimierte, digitale Audiodateien können typischerweise auf 50-60% ihrer Originalgröße reduziert werden.

MP2

Ein verlustbehaftetes Audio-Kompressions-Format.

MP3

Ein verlustbehaftetes Audio-Kompressions-Format, wird oft als Endformat benutzt.

Opus

Ein verlustbehaftetes Audio-Kompressions-Format, wurde zum Kodieren von Sprache oder generell Audio kreiert und soll den Vorbis-Codec ablösen.

PCM

Pulse Code Modulation, eine Methode, die zur digitalen Darstellung von gesampleten (abgetasteten) Analogsignalen verwendet wird. Dies ist die Standardform für digitalen Klang in Computern und verschiedensten Blu-ray-, Compact-Disc- und DVD-Formaten, wie auch für andere Zwecke wie digitale Telefonsysteme.

Vorbis

Ein als Offener Standard (open standard) veröffentlichtes, stark komprimiertes Format, vergleichbar mit MP3 oder AAC. Vorbis erreicht generell eine bessere Klangqualität als MP3 bei ähnlichen Bitraten.

Bekannte Limitierungen

Größe der Videoausgabe

Manche Codecs limitieren die Ausgabegröße, H.264 beispielsweise verlangt, dass Höhe und Breite durch 2 teilbar sind.