3D Print Toolbox

Riferimento

Categoria:

Mesh

Descrizione:

Utilities for 3D printing.

Posizione:

3D Viewport ‣ Sidebar

File:

object_print3d_utils folder

Autore:

Campbell Barton

Installation

• Questo add-on è fornito con Blender.

• Open Blender and go to Preferences, then the Add-ons tab.

• Click Mesh then 3D Print Toolbox to enable the script.

Descrizione

Blender can be used to create meshes for 3D printing. Meshes exported from Blender are usually imported into a piece of software that takes the mesh and «slices» it into paths that the 3D printer can execute. An example of such Slicer software is Cura.

In order to correctly slice a mesh, it needs to be «watertight», meaning that the surface is closed everywhere. Additionally, there should be no edges or faces sticking out. 3D Print Toolbox helps you analyze problems in your mesh that could cause slicing issues.

It can be found in 3D Viewport ‣ Sidebar ‣ 3D-Print, when a mesh is selected.

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Analyze

Statistics

By clicking either Volume or Area, the volume or area of the mesh is calculated and shown.

Checks

The Checks panel.

A number of different checks can be performed to analyze in which ways your mesh might be invalid for use with a Slicer.

Upon execution of one of the checks, the Result field shows which, if any, parts of your mesh are invalid.

When in Edit Mode, clicking these results selects these parts of your mesh. You can use View Selected Backslash to focus on these parts.

Although Slicers are becoming increasingly tolerant when it comes to «tidiness» of meshes, it is always worth trying to provide as clean a mesh as possible.

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Solido

Checks for Non-Manifold edges and Bad Contiguous edges.

Edges should connect to exactly 2 faces. If it connects to only one, it means there’s a hole in the mesh. More is also not allowed. These edges are considered Non-manifold. If one of the faces” normals is pointing in a different direction than its neighbors, its edges are marked as «Bad Contiguous».

In this screenshot, the left shape has a hole, and the right shape has one of its faces flipped.

Left, marked in blue: Non-manifold edges. Right, marked in red: Bad contiguous edges.

Intersections

These two cubes have intersecting faces. A Boolean modifier would help in this example. It’s worth noting that some slicer applications can deal with this, so it’s not always required to resolve this issue.

Degenerate

Faces and edges which have 0 area or length, are considered degenerate. In this example, the top face of a cube has been scaled down to 0, but have not been merged. A Merge ‣ By Distance would resolve this issue.

There’s a hidden face here.

Distorted

The vertices of a quad or ngon can be folded in such a way that the face is not flat. In practice, quads are rarely ever flat. When exporting, these faces are converted to triangles. If the surface is excessively deformed, this can result in unexpected shapes.

In this example, a quad has been folded into a saddle-like shape. This triggers the Distorted check. It would be best to triangulate by hand here.

This quad can triangulate in unexpected ways.

Spessore

Faces that form very thin geometry might be missed entirely by the slicer. Such faces are marked as Thin.

Edge Sharp

Similar to Thickness, sharp edges can thin pieces of geometry which might be missed by the slicer

Overhang

As 3D printers can’t print in mid-air, parts of the model which overhang will not print correctly. In practice, slicers can add additional material, support, to anticipate for overhanging layers.

Check All

Performs all of the above checks at once. In this example, Suzanne shows quite a few problems. This is because the eyes are separate parts, and the sockets have holes. This makes the mesh not Solid and Intersecting. Some of the faces are Distorted.

Pulizia

Distorted

Triangulates the faces which are considered Distorted, as explained above.

Make Manifold

Attempts to fix various problems which might make a mesh non-manifold, such as by fixing bad normals, filling holes, and removing empty edges and faces.

Modifica

Hollow

This tool generates an offset surface from the target object using OpenVDB. It is useful for hollowing out a model for 3D printing, for instance, to save material and/or speedup print. It is also possible to create a thin-walled mold for the object, when using an outside offset surface.

The target object must be a closed surface to allow for an inside offset surface, but not necessarily manifold. On the other hand, outside offset surfaces can be created even for open objects.

Offset Direction

Where the offset surface is created relative to the object. An Inside surface is useful to hollow out the the target, while an Outside surface can be used to create a thin-walled mold.

Scostamento

Surface offset in relation to the original mesh.

Voxel size

Lower values capture finer details but increase processing time and memory usage. Too large a value may lead to the offset surface intersecting the original object.

Hollow Duplicate

When unchecked, only the offset surface is generated. When checked, the tool generates a hollowed out copy of the target.

An inside (left) and an outside (right) hollowed out object, both cut in half to show the interior.

Scale To

Volume

Scales the model to an exact given volume.

Bounds

Scales the model so that the biggest axis of the objects bounds (or dimensions) match the given value.

Align XY

Rotates the object so that the selected faces are parallel, in average, to the XY plane.

Face Areas

Take into account the sizes of the selected faces, so that larger ones contribute proportionally more to the orientation than the smaller ones.

Esporta

Provides quick access to Blender’s object exporting operators found in File ‣ Export.