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Blender 4.5 Manual

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Blender 4.5 Manual

Getting Started

About Blender
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Installing Blender
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Configuring Blender
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Help System

Sections

User Interface
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- Window System
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  - Introduction
  - Splash Screen
  - Topbar
  - Workspaces
  - Status Bar
  - Areas
  - Regions
  - Tabs & Panels
- Keymap
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- UI Elements
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- Tools & Operators
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- Nodes
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Editors
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- 3D Viewport
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  - Introduction
  - Startup Scene
  - Object Modes
  - Navigating
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  - 3D Cursor
  - Selecting Objects
  - Controls
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    - Transform Orientation
    - Transform Pivot Point
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    - Snapping
    - Proportional Editing
  - Display
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  - Toolbar
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  - Sidebar
  - Viewport Render
- Image Editor
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- UV Editor
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- Compositor
- Texture Nodes
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  - Introduction
  - Color Nodes
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  - Converter Nodes
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  - Distort Nodes
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  - Input Nodes
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  - Output Nodes
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    - Output Node
    - Viewer Node
  - Pattern Nodes
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    - Checker Node
    - Bricks Node
  - Texture Nodes
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  - Group
- Geometry Node Editor
- Shader Editor
- Video Sequencer
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  - Introduction
  - Sequencer
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    - Introduction
    - Channels
    - Navigating
    - Toolbar
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      - Introduction
      - Blade
    - Sidebar
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      - Strip
      - Modifiers
      - Cache
      - Proxy
    - Display
  - Preview
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    - Introduction
    - Header
    - Toolbar
    - Sidebar
    - Controls
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      - Pivot Point
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    - Display
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  - Sequencer & Preview
- Movie Clip Editor
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  - Introduction
  - Display
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  - Sidebar Region
- Dope Sheet
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  - Introduction
  - Navigating
  - Editing
  - Modes
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  - Sidebar
- Timeline
- Graph Editor
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  - Introduction
  - Channels
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    - Introduction
    - Editing
  - F-Curves
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- Drivers Editor
- Nonlinear Animation
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  - Introduction
  - Tracks
  - Strips
  - Editing
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    - Track
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  - Sidebar
- Text Editor
- Python Console
- Info Editor
- Outliner
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  - Introduction
  - Interface
  - Selecting
  - Editing
  - Usage
- Properties Editor
- File Browser
- Asset Browser
- Spreadsheet
- Preferences
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  - Introduction
  - Interface
  - Viewport
  - Lights
  - Editing
  - Animation
  - Get Extensions
  - Add-ons
  - Themes
  - Input
  - Navigation
  - Keymap
  - System
  - Save & Load
  - File Paths
  - Experimental
Scenes & Objects
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- Scenes
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  - Introduction
  - Scene Properties
- Objects
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  - Introduction
  - Object Types
  - Object Origin
  - Selecting
  - Editing
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    - Transform
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      - Introduction
      - Transform Control
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        Numeric Input
        
        Axis Locking
        
        Precision
      - Move
      - Rotate
      - Scale
      - Move/Scale Texture Space
      - Align to Transform Orientation
      - Randomize
      - Align Objects
    - Mirror
    - Clear
    - Apply
    - Snap
    - Duplicate
    - Duplicate Linked
    - Join
    - Asset
    - Parenting Objects
    - Modifiers
    - Constraints
    - Track
    - Relations
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      - Make Single User
    - Link/Transfer Data
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    - Shading
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    - Convert
    - Show/Hide
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  - Object Properties
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    - Transform
    - Relations
    - Collections
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      - Introduction
      - Collections
    - Instancing
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    - Visibility
    - Viewport Display
    - Line Art
  - Tools
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- Collections
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  - Introduction
  - Collections
- View Layers
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  - Introduction
Modeling
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- Introduction
- Meshes
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  - Introduction
  - Structure
  - Primitives
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    - Mesh Plane
  - Tools
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  - Selecting
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  - Editing
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    - Introduction
    - Mesh Operators
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      - Transformation
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        Move, Rotate, Scale
        
        To Sphere
        
        Shear
        
        Bend
        
        Push/Pull
        
        Warp
        
        Randomize
        
        Shrink/Fatten
        
        Skin Resize
      - Mirror
      - Duplicate
      - Extrude
      - Merge
      - Split
      - Separate
      - Bisect
      - Knife Project
      - Knife Topology Tool
      - Convex Hull
      - Symmetrize
      - Snap to Symmetry
      - Normals
      - Shading
      - Set Attribute
      - Sort Elements
      - Clean Up
      - Deleting & Dissolving
    - Vertex Operators
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    - Edge Operators
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    - Face Operators
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    - UV Operators
  - Properties
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    - Object Data
    - Vertex Groups
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    - Geometry Data
  - UVs
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    - UVs & Texture Space
    - Unwrapping
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      - Introduction
      - Seams
    - Tools
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      - Toolbar
      - Rip
      - Grab
      - Relax
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    - Editing
    - Workflows
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      - Layout Workflow
      - UDIMs
    - Using UV Maps
  - Mesh Analysis
  - Remeshing
- Curves
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  - Introduction
  - Structure
  - Primitives
  - Tools
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    - Toolbar
    - Draw
    - Curve Pen
  - Selecting
  - Editing
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  - Properties
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  - Curve Display
- Curves (New)
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  - Structure
  - Primitives
  - Tools
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    - Toolbar
    - Draw
  - Selecting
  - Editing
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  - Properties
  - Curve Display
- Surfaces
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  - Introduction
  - Toolbar
  - Structure
  - Primitives
  - Selecting
  - Editing
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  - Properties
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    - Shape
    - Active Spline
- Metaball
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  - Introduction
  - Toolbar
  - Structure
  - Primitives
  - Editing
  - Properties
- Text
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- Volumes
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  - Introduction
  - Properties
- Empties
- Modifiers
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  - Introduction
  - Common Modifier Options
  - Edit
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  - Generate
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  - Deform
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  - Normals
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  - Physics
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- Geometry Nodes
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  - Introduction
  - Inspection
  - Attributes
  - Fields
  - Instances
  - Baking
  - Node-Based Tools
  - Gizmos
  - Attribute Nodes
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  - Input Nodes
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    - Constant
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    - Gizmo
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    - Scene
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  - Output Nodes
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    - Warning Node
    - Viewer Node
  - Geometry Nodes
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    - Read
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    - Sample
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    - Write
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    - Operations
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    - Geometry to Instance Node
    - Join Geometry Node
  - Curve Nodes
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    - Read
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    - Sample
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      - Sample Curve Node
    - Write
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    - Operations
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    - Primitives
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    - Topology
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  - Grease Pencil Nodes
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    - Read
    - Operations
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      - Grease Pencil to Curves Node
      - Merge Layers Node
  - Instances Nodes
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  - Mesh Nodes
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    - Read
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    - Sample
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      - Sample Nearest Surface Node
      - Sample UV Surface Node
    - Write
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      - Set Face Set Node
      - Set Shade Smooth Node
    - Operations
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    - Primitives
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    - Topology
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    - UV
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      - Pack UV Islands Node
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  - Point Nodes
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  - Volume Nodes
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    - Operations
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      - Volume to Mesh Node
    - Primitives
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      - Volume Cube Node
  - Simulation Zone
  - Material Nodes
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  - Texture Nodes
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  - Utilities Nodes
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    - Color
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    - Text
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    - Vector
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    - Field
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    - Math
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    - Matrix
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    - Rotation
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    - Deprecated
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      - Align Euler to Vector Node
      - Rotate Euler Node
    - For Each Geometry Element Zone
    - Index Switch Node
    - Menu Switch Node
    - Random Value Node
    - Repeat Zone
    - Switch Node
  - Group
  - Hair Nodes
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    - Deformation
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    - Generation
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    - Guides
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    - Read
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    - Utility
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    - Write
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      - Set Hair Curve Profile
  - Normals Nodes
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    - Smooth By Angle Node Group
- Transform
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  - Introduction
  - Transform Modal Map
Sculpting & Painting
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- Introduction
- Brushes
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- Selection & Visibility
- Navigating in Paint Modes
- Sculpting
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  - Introduction
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  - Brushes
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    - Brushes
    - Draw
    - Draw Sharp
    - Clay
    - Clay Strips
    - Clay Thumb
    - Layer
    - Inflate
    - Blob
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    - Smooth
    - Flatten
    - Fill
    - Scrape
    - Plane
    - Scrape Multiplane
    - Pinch
    - Grab
    - Elastic Deform
    - Snake Hook
    - Thumb
    - Pose
    - Nudge
    - Rotate
    - Relax Slide
    - Boundary
    - Cloth
    - Density
    - Mask
    - Draw Face Sets
    - Erase Multires Displacement
    - Smear Multires Displacement
    - Paint
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  - Toolbar
  - Tools
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  - Tool Settings
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    - Brushes
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    - Brush Settings
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      - Brush Settings
      - Texture
      - Stroke
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    - Remesh
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  - Controls
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    - Sculpt
    - Mask
    - Face Sets
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- Texture Paint
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  - Introduction
  - Brushes
  - Tool Settings
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    - Texture Slots
    - Brushes
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    - Brush Settings
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      - Texture
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    - Tiling
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- Vertex Paint
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  - Introduction
  - Brushes
  - Vertex Paint Tools
  - Tool Settings
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    - Brushes
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    - Brush Settings
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      - Texture
      - Stroke
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  - Editing
- Weight Paint
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  - Introduction
  - Brushes
  - Weight Paint Tools
  - Tool Settings
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    - Brushes
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    - Brush Settings
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      - Stroke
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  - Using Vertex Groups
  - Editing
- Curves Sculpting
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  - Introduction
  - Brushes
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  - Common Settings
Grease Pencil
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- Introduction
- Structure
- Primitives
- Properties
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  - Object Properties
  - Data Properties
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- Modifiers
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  - Introduction
  - Generate
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  - Deform
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  - Color
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  - Edit
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- Visual Effects
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- Materials
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  - Properties
- Multiframe
- Animation
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- Object Modes
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  - Draw Mode
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    - Introduction
    - Brushes
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      - Draw Brushes
      - Tint Brush
    - Drawing Tools
    - Tools
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      - Brush Tool
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    - Tools Settings
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    - Stroke Placement
    - Drawing Plane
    - Drawing Operations
  - Sculpt Mode
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  - Edit Mode
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  - Vertex Paint Mode
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  - Weight Paint Mode
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    - Introduction
    - Weight Paint Brushes
    - Weight Paint Tools
    - Tool Settings
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      - Brush Settings
      - Options
    - Weights Menu
  - Object Mode
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    - Trace Image to Grease Pencil
Animation & Rigging
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- Introduction
- Keyframes
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- Armatures
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  - Introduction
  - Bones
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    - Introduction
    - Bone Collections
    - Structure
    - Tools
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      - Toolbar
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    - Selecting
    - Editing
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      - Introduction
      - Transform
      - Bone Roll
      - Extrude
      - Duplicate
      - Fill Between Joints
      - Split
      - Separate Bones
      - Subdivide
      - Switch Direction
      - Symmetrize
      - Naming
      - Parenting
      - Properties
      - Delete
    - Properties
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  - Properties
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  - Structure
  - Skinning
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    - Introduction
    - Armature Deform Parent
  - Posing
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    - Introduction
    - Selecting
    - Editing
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    - Tool Settings
    - Bone Constraints
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- Lattice
- Constraints
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  - Introduction
  - Interface
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    - Header
    - Common
    - Stack
  - Motion Tracking
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  - Transform
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  - Tracking
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  - Relationship
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- Actions
- Drivers
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- Markers
- Shape Keys
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- Motion Paths
Physics
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- Introduction
- Rigid Body
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  - Introduction
  - Rigid Body Properties
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  - Rigid Body World
  - Rigid Body Constraints
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    - Introduction
    - Types
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  - Tips
- Cloth
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  - Introduction
  - Settings
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  - Examples
- Soft Body
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  - Introduction
  - Settings
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    - Object
    - Simulation
    - Cache
    - Goal
    - Edges
    - Self Collision
    - Solver
  - Forces
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    - Exterior
    - Interior
  - Collision
  - Examples
- Fluid
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  - Introduction
  - Type
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    - Domain
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      - Settings
      - Gas Settings
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        Adaptive Domain
        
        Noise
        
        Viewport Display
      - Liquid Settings
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        Diffusion
        
        Particles
        
        Mesh
      - Guides
      - Collections
      - Cache
      - Field Weights
    - Flow
    - Effector
  - Materials
- Particle System
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  - Introduction
  - Particle System Panel
  - Emitter
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    - Emission
    - Cache
    - Velocity
    - Rotation
    - Physics
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      - Introduction
      - Newtonian
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    - Render
    - Viewport Display
    - Children
    - Force Fields
    - Vertex Groups
  - Hair
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    - Introduction
    - Emission
    - Hair Dynamics
    - Render
    - Shape
    - Children
    - Viewport Display
  - Texture Influence
  - Particle Edit Mode
- Dynamic Paint
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- Forces
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  - Gravity
  - Force Fields
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    - Introduction
    - Boid
    - Charge
    - Curve Guide
    - Drag
    - Fluid Flow
    - Force
    - Harmonic
    - Lennard-Jones
    - Magnetic
    - Texture
    - Turbulence
    - Vortex
    - Wind
- Collision
- Baking Physics Simulations
- Simulation Nodes
Rendering
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- Introduction
- EEVEE
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  - Introduction
  - Render Settings
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    - Sampling
    - Clamping
    - Raytracing
    - Volumes
    - Curves
    - Depth of Field
    - Motion Blur
    - Film
    - Performance
    - Grease Pencil
  - Scene Settings
  - World Settings
  - Object Settings
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    - Object Properties
  - Materials
  - Light Settings
  - Light Probes
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    - Sphere
    - Plane
    - Volume
  - Limitations
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    - Limitations
    - Supported Nodes
- Cycles
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  - Introduction
  - Render Settings
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    - Grease Pencil
    - Sampling
    - Light Paths
    - Volumes
    - Subdivision
    - Curves
    - Simplify
    - Motion Blur
    - Film
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  - World Settings
  - Object Settings
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  - Material Settings
  - Light Settings
  - GPU Rendering
  - Experimental Features
  - Render Baking
  - Optimizing Renders
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    - Reducing Noise
    - Shader Nodes
- Workbench
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- Cameras
- Lights
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- Materials
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  - Introduction
  - Components
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  - Assignment
  - Preview
  - Settings
  - Line Art
  - Legacy Textures
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    - Introduction
    - Colors
    - Blend
    - Clouds
    - Distorted Noise
    - Image or Movie
    - Magic
    - Marble
    - Musgrave
    - Noise
    - Stucci
    - Voronoi
    - Wood
- Shader Nodes
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  - Introduction
  - Input
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  - Output
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  - Shader
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  - Texture
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  - Color
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  - Vector
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  - Converter
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  - Group
  - Open Shading Language
- Color Management
- Freestyle
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  - Introduction
  - Render Properties
  - View Layer Properties
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    - Freestyle
    - Line Set
    - Line Style
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      - Introduction
      - Strokes
      - Color
      - Alpha
      - Thickness
      - Geometry
      - Texture
      - Color
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        Along Stroke
        
        Crease Angle
        
        Curvature 3D
        
        Distance from Camera
        
        Distance from Object
        
        Material
        
        Noise
        
        Tangent
      - Alpha
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        Along Stroke
        
        Crease Angle
        
        Curvature 3D
        
        Distance from Camera
        
        Distance from Object
        
        Material
        
        Noise
        
        Tangent
      - Thickness
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        Along Stroke
        
        Calligraphy
        
        Crease Angle
        
        Curvature 3D
        
        Distance from Camera
        
        Distance from Object
        
        Material
        
        Noise
        
        Tangent
      - Geometry
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        2D Offset
        
        2D Transform
        
        Backbone Stretcher
        
        Bézier Curve
        
        Blueprint
        
        Guiding Lines
        
        Perlin Noise 1D
        
        Perlin Noise 2D
        
        Polygonization
        
        Sampling
        
        Simplification
        
        Sinus Displacement
        
        Spatial Noise
        
        Tip Remover
  - Material Properties
  - Python Scripting
- Layers & Passes
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- Render Output
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  - Introduction
  - Output Properties
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    - Format
    - Frame Range
    - Stereoscopy
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      - Introduction
      - Usage
    - Output
    - Metadata
    - Post Processing
  - Audio Rendering
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    - Introduction
    - Speaker Objects
  - Rendering Animations
  - Animation Player
Compositing
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- Introduction
- Sidebar
- Compositor System
- Input Nodes
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  - Constant
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    - RGB Node
    - Value Node
  - Bokeh Image Node
  - Image Node
  - Mask Node
  - Movie Clip Node
  - Texture Node
  - Scene
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- Output Nodes
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- Color Nodes
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  - Adjust
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  - Mix
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  - Alpha Convert Node
  - Color Ramp Node
  - Convert Colorspace Node
  - Set Alpha Node
  - Invert Color Node
  - RGB to BW Node
- Filter Nodes
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  - Blur Filter Nodes
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  - Anti-Aliasing Node
  - Denoise Node
  - Despeckle Node
  - Dilate/Erode Node
  - Inpaint Node
  - Filter Node
  - Glare Node
  - Kuwahara Node
  - Pixelate Node
  - Posterize
  - Sun Beams Node
- Keying Nodes
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- Mask Nodes
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- Tracking Nodes
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- Transform Nodes
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- Texture Nodes
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- Utilities Nodes
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- Vector Nodes
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- Group
- Layout Nodes
Motion Tracking & Masking
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Video Editing
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Assets, Files, & Data System
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Add-ons
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Advanced
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- Using Blender From The Command Line
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Ordliste
Manual Index

Get Involved

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Translate Blender
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Utilities Nodes¶

Map Range Node
Math Node
Clamp Node
Float Curve

Levels Node
Normalize Node

Split Node
Switch Node
Switch View Node

White Noise Texture Node

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Last updated on 2025-04-13

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