Skin Modifier¶
The Skin modifier uses vertices and edges to create a skinned surface, using a per-vertex radius to better define the shape. The output is mostly quads, although some triangles will appear around intersections.
It is a quick way to generate base meshes for sculpting and/or smooth organic shapes with arbitrary topology.
Nota
Faces in the original geometry are ignored.
Options¶
- Branch Smoothing
A branch point is a vertex with three or more connected edges. These areas tend to produce more complicated topology, some of which may overlap. This setting relaxes the surface around these points, with the side effect of shrinking it.
- Smooth Shading
Output faces with smooth shading rather than flat shading. The smooth/flat shading of the input geometry is not preserved.
- Symmetry Axes X/Y/Z
These checkboxes are used to keep the output topology symmetrical in their respective axes. In other words, using it avoids merging triangles across an axis unless the triangles form a symmetric quad.
Nota
They do not add geometry flipped across an axis. For that, the Mirror modifier should be used, typically placed above the Skin one.
Add Skin Data¶
This modifier uses a custom set of data in the mesh, that is generated automatically when you add the modifier the first time.
However, you may remove that data, or loose it some way or the other. That operator will generate it again.
Selected Vertices¶
Those operators modify the original mesh “control data” for the Skin modifier. They help manage its behavior.
- Mark/Clear Loose
By default, a branch vertex (vertex with three or more connected edges) will generate extra edge loops along adjacent edges in order to keep the output tight. Branches can be made loose by clicking Mark Loose, which will allow the output to stretch between all adjacent vertices. This can be disabled again by clicking Clear Loose.
- Mark Root
Marking a vertex as root causes that vertex to be used for calculating rotations for connected limbs. Root vertices also affect the armature output, they will be used as the origin for the root bones.
Each set of connected vertices should have one root node (one is selected by default if you do not assign any manually). Mark Root enforces the one-root per set rule, so it is not necessary to manually unmark roots.
- Equalize Radii
Makes the skin radii of selected vertices equal on each axis.
Create Armature¶
Create an armature on top of the object. Each edge becomes a bone.
Nota
If the root vertex has more than one adjacent edge, an extra bone will be created to serve as the root.
This tool does the following:
A new armature object is added with bones matching the input mesh. The active selection is switched to the new armature.
Weight groups are added to the input mesh. The Skin modifier propagates these weights to the output as well.
An Armature modifier is added directly below the Skin one. Note that the Armature modifier is being applied after the Skin one because it should only deform the output, whereas if it were above, it might change the resulting topology.
Skin Mesh Data¶
That modifier needs a set of specific data in the original mesh to work properly. This data allows to define the root vertices of each tree, which ones are loose (see Selected Vertices above), and the size (radius) of the skin at each vertex. The radii of input vertices can be individually scaled in Edit Mode with the Skin Resize.
Examples¶
External Links¶
Skin Modifier Development at Blender Nation – An early demonstration of the Skin Modifier by Nicholas Bishop (March 2011).
Ji, Zhongping; Liu, Ligang; Wang, Yigang (2010). B-Mesh: A Fast Modeling System for Base Meshes of 3D Articulated Shapes, Computer Graphics Forum 29(7), pp. 2169-2178. – The work this modifier is based on (direct link to PDF).