Thêm Giàn Điều Khiển Máy Quay Phim (Add Camera Rigs)

../../_images/addons_camera_camera-rigs_ui.png

This add-on extends the functionality of a camera by creating control rigs with widgets and adds a panel to quickly access the camera's settings from the 3D Viewport.

Kích Hoạt (Activation)

Mở Blender và chuyển đến Cấu Hình, sau đó đến thẻ Trình Bổ Sung.
Click Camera then Add Camera Rigs to enable the script.

Miêu Tả (Description)

After activating the add-on, it will place three menu items in the Add ‣ Camera menu. They are Dolly Rig, Crane Rig and 2D Camera Rig.

The first two rigs are very similar except the "Crane Rig" has two extra adjustable bones (Arm Height and Arm Length) to make it easier to achieve a cinematic crane shot.

The 2D Camera Rig is mostly useful for 2D shots, when the camera is static and the action happens in front of it (like a theater stage).

Cách Sử Dụng (Usage)

Add a Add ‣ Camera ‣ Dolly Camera Rig, Crane Camera Rig or 2D Camera Rig. This will build the rig at the cursor location, add a new camera, making it the new active scene camera.

When the Rig is selected, the camera properties will be displayed in the Sidebar.

Giàn Điều Khiển 3D [Lướt Bay & Nâng trên Cần Cẩu] (3D Rigs [Dolly & Crane])

Xương Gốc (Root Bone): This is the parent of the entire rig.
Điều Khiển Xương (Control Bone): This is the bone (named Ctrl) that will translate the camera around. By default it will track to the aim bone.
Xương Mục Tiêu (Aim Bone): The camera will point at this bone (named Aim). You can also tilt the camera by rotating the aim on the Y axis.

Giàn Điều Khiển Nhân Vật 2D (2D Rig)

This rig is mainly designed to function like a rostrum camera (stage camera), aiming at one direction. With it, you can frame the action by moving two of the corners of the camera, instead of moving and rotating it. It produces smooth movements that would be hard to achieve without it, by using complex drivers to calculate the appropriate camera settings.

Xem thêm

This video shows a comparison of an animated camera movement without (top) and with (bottom) the help of the rig. As you can see in the lower left corner, you can achieve a smoother camera movement, without the frame moving around.

Xương Gốc (Root Bone): This is the parent of the entire rig. It is the only bone that you should rotate to aim approximately at the action.
Xương Góc_Trái và Góc_Phải (Left_corner and Right_corner Bones): These are the most important bones in this rig. You can move them to quickly set and animate a framing. The camera will adjust its parameters to adapt to this framing (focal length, rotation / shift). They should always be at the same height (Y axis in the camera's coordinate system).
Xương Máy Quay Phim (Camera Bone): You can move the camera around, and it will compensate its settings to frame the two corners. For instance, if you leave the corners fixed on both sides of the subject and move the camera forward, you will achieve an efficient dolly zoom effect.

Chế Độ (Modes)

There are two modes of operation for the 2D rig: Rotation and Shift. You can switch between the two modes in the add-on's Interface.

Rotation is the default mode, and will rotate the camera to aim at and keep the corners in its frame. Shift mode, on the other hand, uses the Shift properties on the Camera to achieve a cropping effect instead of a pan.

Những Giới Hạn (Limitations)

When moving the corners too far to the side in rotation mode, perspective makes the rig much less accurate.
Rotation mode is unsupported for orthographic cameras.

Giao Diện (Interface)

Thành Tố Điều Khiển (Widgets)

When a rig is built, the add-on will create a collection for all the custom bone shapes called (named Widgets). When the custom shapes (widgets) are built they will use the prefix WGT-. If you have more than one rig in the scene, it will use the same widgets in the same collection rather than duplicating them. The default collection name and the widget prefix can be set in the preferences of the add-on. (This will not change the name of any existing widgets or collection, only ones that are created after you change the setting.)

../../_images/addons_camera_camera-rigs_prefs.png

Bảng (Panel)

Tham Chiếu (Reference)

Chế Độ (Mode): Tổng Thể
Bảng (Panel): 3D Viewport ‣ Sidebar ‣ Item ‣ Camera Rig

The panel will display the most used camera settings. Only the added features will be explain here, for more information refer to the Máy Quay Phim (Cameras) section.

Cho Thêm DOF Trống Rỗng (Add DOF Empty)

The Add DOF Empty button will automatically add an empty at the location of the aim bone and make it the depth of field (DOF) object.

The empty is a child of the aim bone, so you can animate that instead of animating the empty directly. This is a workaround as it only possible to use objects as a target for the DOF and not bones.

Khoảng Cách Lấy Nét Gần Nhất/F-Ngừng/Tiêu Cự (Focal Distance/F-Stop/Focal Length)

These are custom properties on the camera bone that drive the equivalent setting on the actual camera. This makes it animatable inside the armature object rather than having to animate the armature and the camera.

Hiển Thị Đứng Trước (Show in Front)

Will make the rig object visible through all other geometry. (Useful if you have a fly through scene or if other meshes are in the way.)

Khóa Lựa Chọn Máy Quay Phim (Lock Camera Select)

The Lock Camera Select is a toggle button to make the camera unselectable (so you can't accidentally delete it).

Giám Sát [Chốt Vào Mục Tiêu] (Tracking [Aim Lock])

This slider controls the Track To constraint on the control bone. Turn it off and the bone will not point to the aim bone anymore.

../../_images/addons_camera_camera-rigs_crane-arm.png

Chiều Cao Giàn Điều Khiển Cần Cẩu, Chiều Dài của Cần (Crane Rig Height, Arm Length): The Arm Height and Arm Length sliders at the bottom of the UI show the Y axis scale of the relevant bone. By default, both the height and the arm length are at 1 unit in size. These values only show in the interface when a crane rig is selected, they are also animatable.
Xoay Chiều/Xê Dịch (Rotation/Shift): The Rotation/Shift slider lets you switch between Rotation and Shift Modes for the 2D Camera rig. You can also choose an intermediate value to have a bit of both.

Nhiều Máy Quay Phim (Multiple Cameras)

It is possible to add as many rigs as your scene needs. The Make Camera Active will appear if the camera attached to the selected rig is not the active camera. By pressing this, it will make this camera the active one.

Chuyển Đổi Máy Quay Phim (Camera Switching)

If you wish to switch cameras during an animation, you can do this with the Add Marker and Bind button. This uses Blender's built-in camera binding tool to a Timeline marker. When pressed, it will add a marker to the Timeline and bind it to the camera controlled by the selected rig. Go to another frame, select a different camera rig and press it again. Now you have two markers and when you scrub the Timeline you will see the active camera switch accordingly. (Repeat this process as many times as needed). These markers can then also be dragged around in the Timeline to change the frame at which they will switch.

Xử Lý Sự Cố (Troubleshooting)

If the Aim tracking or 2D rig are not functioning, check that you have "Auto Run Python Scripts" enabled in the Preferences Preferences ‣ Save & Load ‣ Auto Run Python Scripts.

Xem thêm

The author's Github repository.
A blog post explaining the 2D rig by its authors.

Tham Chiếu (Reference)

Hạng Mục (Category): Máy Quay Phim (Camera)
Miêu Tả (Description): Adds a camera rig with a UI.
Vị Trí (Location): 3D Viewport ‣ Add ‣ Camera
Tập Tin (File): camera_dolly_crane_rigs.py
Tác Giả (Author): Wayne Dixon, Brian Raschko, Kris Wittig, Damien Picard, Flavio Perez
Người Bảo Trì (Maintainer): nội dung cần viết thêm
Giấy Phép (License): GPL
Mức Hỗ Trợ (Support Level): Cộng Đồng
Ghi Chú (Note): Trình bổ sung này được gói cùng với Blender.