Консоль Python – Python Console

The Python Console is a quick way to execute commands, with access to the entire Python API, command history and auto-complete. The command prompt is typical for Python 3.x, the interpreter is loaded and is ready to accept commands at the prompt >>>.

The Python Console is a good way to explore the possibilities of Blender built-in Python. The Python Console can be used to test small bits of Python code which can then be pasted into larger scripts.

Консоль Python – Python Console.

Interface – Інтерфейс

Header Menus – Меню Заголовків

View Menu – Меню «Огляд»

Призумування / Відзумування – Zoom In / Zoom Out

Increases/Decreases the font size of the console text.

Переміститися до Попереднього Слова – Move to Previous Word Ctrl-Left

Moves the cursor to the beginning of the previous word. If the cursor is in the middle of a word, the cursor is moved to the beginning of the current word.

Переміститися до Наступного Слова – Move to Next Word Ctrl-Right

Moves the cursor to the end of the next word. If the cursor is in the middle of a word, the cursor is moved to the end of the current word.

Переміститися на Початок Рядка – Move to Line Begin Home

Переміщує курсор на початок поточного рядка.

Переміститися на Кінець Рядка – Move to Line End End

Переміщує курсор на кінець поточного рядка.

Меню «Консоль» – Console Menu

Зчистити Усе – Clear All

Refreshes the console giving the view a fresh start. Note that command history is not cleared.

Зчистити Рядок – Clear Line Shift-Return.

Вилучає все з рядка запрошення.

Видалити Попереднє Слово – Delete Previous Word Ctrl-Backspace

Deletes everything between the cursor and the beginning of the previous word (separated by periods). If the cursor is in the middle of a word, deletes everything to the beginning of the current word.

Видалити Наступне Слово – Delete Next Word Ctrl-Delete

Deletes everything between the cursor and the end of the next word. If the cursor is in the middle of a word, deletes everything to the end of the current word.

Копіювати як Скрипт – Copy as Script Shift-Ctrl-C

Copies the full history buffer to the clipboard, this can be pasted into a text file to be used as a Python script.

Copy Ctrl-C – Копія

Copy the selection.

Вставляння – Paste Ctrl-V

Paste into the command line.

Відступ – Indent Tab

Вставляє символ табуляції у позиції курсора.

Зневідступ – Unindent Shift-Tab

Видаляє відступ для вибрання.

Назад в Історії – Backward in History Up

Changes the current command to previous command as they appear in the command history.

Уперед в Історії – Forward in History Down

Changes the current command to next command as they appear in the command history.

Autocomplete Tab

See Auto Completion for more information.

Main View – Головний Огляд

Клавіатурні Прив’язування – Key Bindings

• Left / Right – Cursor motion.

• Ctrl-Left / Ctrl-Right – Cursor motion, by word.

• Backspace / Delete – Стирання символів.

• Ctrl-Backspace / Ctrl-Delete – Стирання слів.

• Return – Виконання команди.

• Shift-Return – Додати в історію команд без виконання.

Usage – Використання

Псевдоніми – Aliases

Деякі змінні та модулі доступні для зручності:

• C: Швидкий доступ до bpy.context.

• D: Швидкий доступ до bpy.data.

• bpy: Модуль верхнього рівня Blender Python API.

Перший Погляд на Середовище Консолі – First Look at the Console Environment

To check what is loaded into the interpreter environment, type dir() at the prompt and execute it.

Авто Завершення – Auto Completion

Now, type bpy. and then press Tab and you will see the Console auto-complete feature in action.

You will notice that a list of submodules inside of bpy appear. These modules encapsulate all that we can do with Blender Python API and are very powerful tools.

Lets list all the contents of bpy.app module.

Notice the green output above the prompt where you enabled auto-completion. What you see is the result of auto completion listing. In the above listing all are module attributed names, but if you see any name end with (, then that is a function.

We will make use of this a lot to help our learning the API faster. Now that you got a hang of this, lets proceed to investigate some of modules in bpy.

Before Tinkering with the Modules

If you look at the 3D Viewport in the default Blender scene, you will notice three objects: Cube, Light and Camera.

• All objects exist in a context and there can be various modes under which they are operated upon.

• At any instance, only one object is active and there can be more than one selected object.

• All objects are data in the blend-file.

• There are operators/functions that create and modify these objects.

For all the scenarios listed above (not all were listed, mind you…) the bpy module provides functionality to access and modify data.

Examples – Приклади

bpy.context

Примітка

For the commands below to show the proper output, make sure you have selected object(s) in the 3D Viewport.

bpy.context.mode

Will print the current 3D Viewport mode (Object, Edit, Sculpt, etc.).

bpy.context.object or bpy.context.active_object

Will give you access to the active object in the 3D Viewport.

Change the X location to a value of 1:

bpy.context.object.location.x = 1

Move the object from previous X location by 0.5 unit:

bpy.context.object.location.x += 0.5

Change the X, Y, Z location:

bpy.context.object.location = (1, 2, 3)

Change only the X, Y components:

bpy.context.object.location.xy = (1, 2)

The data type of object’s location:

type(bpy.context.object.location)

Now that is a lot of data that you have access to:

dir(bpy.context.object.location)

bpy.context.selected_objects

Will give access to a list of all selected objects.

Type this and then press Tab:

bpy.context.selected_objects

To print out the name of first object in the list:

bpy.context.selected_objects[0]

The complex one… But this prints a list of objects not including the active object:

[obj for obj in bpy.context.selected_objects if obj != bpy.context.object]

bpy.data

bpy.data has functions and attributes that give you access to all the data in the blend-file.

You can access following data in the current blend-file: objects, meshes, materials, textures, scenes, screens, sounds, scripts, etc.

That is a lot of data.

bpy.ops

The tool system is built around the concept of operators. Operators are typically executed from buttons or menus but can be called directly from Python too.

See the bpy.ops API documentation for a list of all operators.