Subdivisão de superfície

The Subdivision Surface modifier (often shorten to «Subdiv») is used to split the faces of a mesh into smaller faces, giving it a smooth appearance. It enables you to create complex smooth surfaces while modeling simple, low-vertex meshes. It avoids the need to save and maintain huge amounts of data, and gives a smooth «organic» look to the object.

As with any modifier, order of execution (position in the modifier stack) has an important bearing on the results.

Keep in mind that this is a different operation than its companion, Smooth Shading. You can see the difference between the two in the grid image below.

../../../_images/modeling_modifiers_generate_subdivision-surface_grid.png

Subdivision levels 0 to 3, without and with Smooth Shading.

Dica

The Subdivision Surface modifier does not allow you to edit the new subdivided geometry without applying it, but the Multiresolution modifier does (in Sculpt Mode).

Nota

This modifier now uses the OpenSubdiv library as a backend.

Opções

../../../_images/modeling_modifiers_generate_subdivision-surface_panel.png

The Subdivision Surface modifier.

Tipo

Este botão permite você escolher o algoritmo de subdivisão:

Catmull-Clark
A opção padrão, subdivide e suaviza as superfícies. De acordo com a página do Wikipedia, a «fórmula de visual arbitrário foi escolhida por Catmull e Clark baseado na aparência estética da superfície resultante ao invés de uma derivação matemática.»
Simples
Only subdivides the surfaces, without any smoothing (the same as the Subdivide operator, in Edit Mode). Can be used, for example, to increase base mesh resolution when using displacement maps.
Subdivisões

Recursively adds more geometry.

The right combination of these settings will allow you to keep a fast and lightweight approximation of your model when interacting with it in the 3D Viewport, but use a higher quality version when rendering.

Aviso

Higher levels of subdivisions results in more vertices, which means more memory will be occupied (both system RAM, and video memory for display). Blender could potentially crash or hang if you do not have enough available memory.

Renderizar
O número de níveis de subdivisões exibido nos renders.
Viewport
O número de níveis de subdivisões exibido na Visualização 3D.
Quality

How precisely the vertices are positioned (relatively to their theoretical position of an infinitely subdivided mesh), can be lowered to get a better performance.

Using higher values does not necessarily mean real improvement in quality, ideal results might be reached well before the maximum Quality value.

Dica

Be careful not to set the Viewport subdivisions higher than the Render subdivisions, this would mean that in the 3D View the quality will be higher than the rendered.

Opções
UV Smooth

How to handle UVs during subdivision.

Smooth, keep corners
UV islands are smoothed, but their boundary remain sharp.
Sharp
UV remain unchanged.
Otimizar exibição
When rendering the wireframe of this object, the wires of the new subdivided edges will be skipped (only displays the edges of the original geometry).
Use Creases
Use the Weighted Edge Creases values stored in edges to control how smooth they are made.

Atalhos do teclado

To quickly add a Subdivision Surface modifier to one or more objects, select the object(s) and press Ctrl-1. That will add a Subdivision Surface modifier with Viewport subdivisions set to 1. You can use other numbers too, such as Ctrl-2, Ctrl-3, etc, to add a modifier with that number of subdivisions. Adding a Subdivision Surface modifier in this fashion will not modify the Render subdivisions.

If an object already has a Subdivision Surface modifier, doing this will simply change its subdivision level instead of adding another modifier.

Controle

Subdivisão Catmull-Clark arredonda arestas, e geralmente isso não é o que você quer. Existem diversas soluções que permitem você controlar a subdivisão.

Pesos de influência nos vincos das arestas

Weighted edge creases for subdivision surfaces allows you to change the way the Subdivision Surface modifier subdivides the geometry to give the edges a smooth or sharp appearance.

../../../_images/modeling_modifiers_generate_subdivision-surface_withcrease.png

Um cubo subdividido com bordas vincadas.

The crease weight of selected edges can be changed in the Transform panel, Sidebar of the 3D View. The scale-like dedicated tool Shift-E can also be used to adjust the crease weight. A higher value makes the edge «stronger» and more resistant to the smoothing effect of subdivision surfaces.

Anéis de arestas

../../../_images/modeling_modifiers_generate_subdivision-surface_cube-with-edge-loops.png

Cubo Subdivisão Nível 2, o mesmo com um Anel de Arestas extra, e o mesmo com seis Anéis de Arestas extra.

The Subdivision Surface modifier demonstrates why good, clean topology is so important. As you can see in the figure, the it has a drastic effect on a default cube. Until you add in additional loops (with e.g. Loop Cut and Slide), the shape is almost unrecognizable as a cube.

A mesh with deliberate topology has good placement of edge loops, which allow the placement of more loops (or their removal) to control the sharpness/smoothness of the resultant mesh.

Limitações Conhecidas

Normais Não-Contíguas

O sistema de subdivisão do Blender produz boas malhas subdividas suaves, mas qualquer face subdividida (isto é, qualquer pequena face criada pelo algoritmo a partir de uma única face da malha original), compartilha a orientação geral normal da face original.

../../../_images/modeling_modifiers_generate_subdivision-surface_normal-orientation-1.png

Comparação de boas normais e normais ruins.
../../../_images/modeling_modifiers_generate_subdivision-surface_normal-orientation-2.png

Side view of image on the left.

Mudanças abruptas das normais podem produzir ranhuras pretas feias mesmo quando essas normais viradas não são problema para a forma.

A quick way to fix this is to use Blender’s Recalculate Normals operation in Edit Mode.

If you still have some ugly black gouges you will have to manually flip the normals.