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Blender 4.2 Manual
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Blender 4.2 Manual

Getting Started

  • About Blender
    • Blender’s History
    • About Free Software and the GPL
    • The Blender Community
  • Installing Blender
    • Installing on Linux
    • Installing on macOS
    • Installing on Windows
    • Installing from Steam
    • Linux Windowing Environment
  • Configuring Blender
    • Introduction
    • Configuring Peripherals
    • Defaults
  • Help System

Sections

  • User Interface
    • Introduction
    • Splash Screen
    • Topbar
    • Workspaces
    • Status Bar
    • Areas
    • Regions
    • Tabs & Panels
    • Common Shortcuts
    • Default Keymap
    • Industry Compatible Keymap
    • Buttons
    • Fields
    • Menus
    • Eyedropper
    • Decorators
    • Data-Block Menu
    • List View
    • Color Picker
    • Color Ramp Widget
    • Color Palette
    • Curve Widget
    • Search
    • Nodes
      • Introduction
      • Node Parts
      • Selecting
      • Arranging Nodes
      • Editing
      • Sidebar
      • Node Groups
      • Frame Node
      • Reroute Node
    • Tool System
    • Operators
    • Undo & Redo
    • Annotations
    • Selecting
  • Editors
    • 3D Viewport
      • Introduction
      • Startup Scene
      • Object Modes
      • Navigating
        • Introduction
        • Navigation
        • Fly/Walk Navigation
        • Aligning
        • Perspective/Orthographic
        • Local View
        • Camera View
        • Viewpoint
        • View Regions
        • Contextual Views
      • 3D Cursor
      • Selecting
      • Controls
        • Transform Orientation
        • Pivot Point
          • Bounding Box Center
          • 3D Cursor
          • Individual Origins
          • Median Point
          • Active Element
        • Snapping
        • Proportional Editing
      • Display
        • Object Type Visibility
        • Viewport Gizmos
        • Viewport Overlays
        • Viewport Shading
      • Toolbar
        • Measure
        • Add Cube
        • Add Cone
        • Add Cylinder
        • Add UV Sphere
        • Add Icosphere
      • Sidebar
      • Viewport Render
    • Image Editor
      • Introduction
      • Navigating
      • Sidebar
      • Overlays
      • Image Settings
      • Editing
    • UV Editor
      • Introduction
      • Navigating
      • Overlays
      • Sidebar
      • Selecting
      • Snapping
    • Compositor
    • Texture Nodes
      • Introduction
      • Color Nodes
        • Combine Color Node
        • Invert Color Node
        • Mix Node
        • RGB Curves Node
        • Hue/Saturation/Value Node
        • Separate Color Node
      • Converter Nodes
        • Color Ramp Node
        • Distance Node
        • Math Node
        • RGB to BW Node
        • Value to Normal Node
      • Distort Nodes
        • At Node
        • Rotate Node
        • Scale Node
        • Translate Node
      • Input Nodes
        • Coordinates Node
        • Image Node
        • Texture Node
        • Time Curve Node
      • Output Nodes
        • Output Node
        • Viewer Node
      • Pattern Nodes
        • Checker Node
        • Bricks Node
      • Texture Nodes
        • Blend Node
        • Clouds Node
        • Distorted Noise Node
        • Magic Node
        • Marble Node
        • Musgrave Node
        • Noise Node
        • Stucci Node
        • Voronoi Node
        • Wood Node
      • Group
    • Geometry Node Editor
    • Shader Editor
    • Video Sequencer
      • Introduction
      • Sequencer
        • Introduction
        • Channels
        • Navigating
        • Toolbar
          • Introduction
          • Blade
        • Sidebar
          • Strip
          • Modifiers
          • Cache
          • Proxy
        • Display
      • Preview
        • Introduction
        • Header
        • Toolbar
        • Sidebar
        • Controls
          • Pivot Point
        • Display
          • Display Mode
          • Gizmos
          • Overlays
      • Sequencer & Preview
    • Movie Clip Editor
      • Introduction
      • Display
        • Viewport Gizmos
        • Mask Display
        • Clip Display
      • Sidebar Region
    • Dope Sheet
      • Introduction
      • Navigating
      • Editing
      • Modes
        • Action Editor
        • Shape Key Editor
        • Grease Pencil
        • Mask
      • Sidebar
    • Timeline
    • Graph Editor
      • Introduction
      • Channels
        • Introduction
        • Editing
      • F-Curves
        • Introduction
        • Editing
        • Properties
        • F-Curve Modifiers
    • Drivers Editor
    • Nonlinear Animation
      • Introduction
      • Tracks
      • Strips
      • Editing
        • Track
        • Strip
      • Sidebar
    • Text Editor
    • Python Console
    • Info Editor
    • Outliner
      • Introduction
      • Interface
      • Selecting and Activating
      • Editing
      • Usage
    • Properties
    • File Browser
    • Asset Browser
    • Spreadsheet
    • Preferences
      • Introduction
      • Interface
      • Viewport
      • Lights
      • Editing
      • Animation
      • Get Extensions
      • Add-ons
      • Themes
      • Input
      • Navigation
      • Keymap
      • System
      • Save & Load
      • File Paths
      • Experimental
  • Scenes & Objects
    • Scenes
      • Introduction
      • Scene Properties
    • Objects
      • Introduction
      • Object Types
      • Object Origin
      • Selecting
      • Editing
        • Transform
          • Introduction
          • Transform Control
            • Numeric Input
            • Axis Locking
            • Precision
          • Move
          • Rotate
          • Scale
          • Move/Scale Texture Space
          • Align to Transform Orientation
          • Randomize
          • Align Objects
        • Mirror
        • Clear
        • Apply
        • Snap
        • Duplicate
        • Duplicate Linked
        • Join
        • Asset
        • Parenting Objects
        • Modifiers
        • Constraints
        • Track
        • Relations
          • Make Single User
        • Link/Transfer Data
          • Link Objects to Scene
          • Link Data
          • Copy UV Maps
          • Transfer Mesh Data
          • Transfer Mesh Data Layout
        • Shading
        • Rigid Body
        • Convert
        • Show/Hide
        • Clean Up
        • Delete
      • Properties
        • Transform
        • Relations
        • Collections
          • Introduction
          • Collections
        • Instancing
          • Vertices
          • Faces
          • Collection
        • Visibility
        • Viewport Display
        • Line Art
      • Tools
        • Toolbar
        • Tool Settings
        • Scale Cage
    • Collections
      • Introduction
      • Collections
    • View Layers
      • Introduction
  • Modeling
    • Introduction
    • Meshes
      • Introduction
      • Structure
      • Primitives
        • Import Images as Planes
      • Tools
        • Toolbar
        • Tool Settings
        • Extrude Region
        • Extrude Manifold
        • Extrude to Cursor
        • Loop Cut
        • Poly Build
        • Spin
      • Selecting
        • Introduction
        • Select Mirror
        • Select Random
        • Checker Deselect
        • Select More/Less
        • Select Similar
        • Select All by Trait
        • Select Linked
        • Select Loops
        • Select Sharp Edges
        • Side of Active
        • By Attribute
      • Editing
        • Introduction
        • Mesh Operators
          • Transformation
            • Move, Rotate, Scale
            • To Sphere
            • Shear
            • Bend
            • Push/Pull
            • Warp
            • Randomize
            • Shrink Fatten
            • Skin Resize
          • Mirror
          • Duplicate
          • Extrude
          • Merge
          • Split
          • Separate
          • Bisect
          • Knife Project
          • Knife Topology Tool
          • Convex Hull
          • Symmetrize
          • Snap to Symmetry
          • Normals
          • Shading
          • Set Attribute
          • Sort Elements
          • Clean Up
          • Deleting & Dissolving
        • Vertex Operators
          • Extrude Vertices
          • Extrude to Cursor or Add
          • Bevel Vertices
          • New Edge/Face from Vertices
          • Connect Vertex Path
          • Connect Vertex Pairs
          • Rip Vertices
          • Rip Vertices and Fill
          • Rip Vertices and Extend
          • Slide Vertices
          • Smooth Vertices
          • Laplacian Smooth
          • Blend from Shape
          • Propagate to Shapes
          • Vertex Groups
          • Hooks
          • Make Vertex Parent
        • Edge Operators
          • Extrude Edges
          • Bevel Edges
          • Bridge Edge Loops
          • Screw
          • Subdivide
          • Subdivide Edge-Ring
          • Un-Subdivide
          • Rotate Edge
          • Edge Slide
          • Offset Edge Slide
          • Loop Cut and Slide
          • Edge Data
        • Face Operators
          • Extrude Faces
          • Extrude Faces Along Normals
          • Extrude Individual Faces
          • Inset Faces
          • Poke Faces
          • Triangulate Faces
          • Triangles to Quads
          • Solidify Faces
          • Wireframe
          • Fill
          • Grid Fill
          • Beautify Faces
          • Intersect (Knife)
          • Intersect (Boolean)
          • Weld Edges into Faces
          • Shade Smooth & Flat
          • Face Data
        • UV Operators
      • Properties
        • Object Data
        • Vertex Groups
          • Introduction
          • Vertex Groups Panel
          • Assigning a Vertex Group
          • Vertex Weights
        • Geometry Data
      • UVs
        • UVs & Texture Space
        • Unwrapping
          • Introduction
          • Seams
        • Tools
          • Toolbar
          • Rip
          • Grab
          • Relax
          • Pinch
        • Editing
        • Workflows
          • Layout Workflow
          • UDIMs
        • Using UV Maps
      • Mesh Analysis
      • Retopology
    • Curves
      • Introduction
      • Tools
        • Toolbar
        • Draw
        • Curve Pen
      • Structure
      • Primitives
      • Selecting
      • Editing
        • Transform Panel
        • Curve
        • Control Points
        • Segments
        • Other
      • Properties
        • Shape
        • Geometry
        • Path Animation
        • Active Spline
      • Curve Display
    • Curves (New)
      • Tools
        • Toolbar
        • Draw
      • Primitives
      • Selecting
      • Editing
        • Curves
        • Control Points
        • Segments
      • Properties
    • Surfaces
      • Introduction
      • Toolbar
      • Structure
      • Primitives
      • Selecting
      • Editing
        • Transform Panel
        • Surface
        • Control Points
        • Segments
      • Properties
        • Shape
        • Active Spline
    • Metaball
      • Introduction
      • Toolbar
      • Structure
      • Primitives
      • Editing
      • Properties
    • Text
      • Introduction
      • Selecting
      • Editing
      • Properties
    • Volumes
      • Introduction
      • Properties
    • Empties
    • Modifiers
      • Introduction
      • Common Modifier Options
      • Edit
        • Data Transfer Modifier
        • Mesh Cache Modifier
        • Mesh Sequence Cache Modifier
        • UV Project Modifier
        • UV Warp Modifier
        • Vertex Weight Edit Modifier
        • Vertex Weight Mix Modifier
        • Vertex Weight Proximity Modifier
      • Generate
        • Array Modifier
        • Bevel Modifier
        • Boolean Modifier
        • Build Modifier
        • Decimate Modifier
        • Edge Split Modifier
        • Geometry Nodes Modifier
        • Mask Modifier
        • Mesh to Volume Modifier
        • Mirror Modifier
        • Multiresolution Modifier
        • Remesh Modifier
        • Screw Modifier
        • Skin Modifier
        • Solidify Modifier
        • Subdivision Surface Modifier
        • Triangulate Modifier
        • Volume to Mesh Modifier
        • Weld Modifier
        • Wireframe Modifier
      • Deform
        • Armature Modifier
        • Cast Modifier
        • Curve Modifier
        • Displace Modifier
        • Hook Modifier
        • Laplacian Deform Modifier
        • Lattice Modifier
        • Mesh Deform Modifier
        • Shrinkwrap Modifier
        • Simple Deform Modifier
        • Smooth Modifier
        • Smooth Corrective Modifier
        • Smooth Laplacian Modifier
        • Surface Deform Modifier
        • Volume Displace Modifier
        • Warp Modifier
        • Wave Modifier
      • Normals
        • Normal Edit Modifier
        • Weighted Normal Modifier
        • Smooth By Angle Modifier
      • Physics
        • Cloth Modifier
        • Collision Modifier
        • Dynamic Paint Modifier
        • Explode Modifier
        • Fluid Modifier
        • Ocean Modifier
        • Particle Instance Modifier
        • Particle System Modifier
        • Soft Body Modifier
    • Geometry Nodes
      • Introduction
      • Inspection
      • Attributes
      • Fields
      • Instances
      • Baking
      • Node-Based Tools
      • Attribute Nodes
        • Attribute Statistic Node
        • Domain Size Node
        • Blur Attribute Node
        • Capture Attribute Node
        • Remove Named Attribute Node
        • Store Named Attribute Node
      • Input Nodes
        • Constant
          • Boolean Node
          • Color Node
          • Image Node
          • Integer Node
          • Material Node
          • Rotation Node
          • String Node
          • Value Node
          • Vector Node
        • Scene
          • 3D Cursor Node
          • Active Camera Node
          • Collection Info Node
          • Image Info Node
          • Is Viewport Node
          • Mouse Position Node
          • Object Info Node
          • Scene Time Node
          • Self Object Node
          • Viewport Transform Node
      • Output Nodes
        • Viewer Node
      • Geometry Nodes
        • Read
          • ID Node
          • Index Node
          • Named Attribute Node
          • Normal Node
          • Position Node
          • Radius Node
          • Selection Node
          • Active Element Node
        • Sample
          • Geometry Proximity Node
          • Index of Nearest
          • Raycast Node
          • Sample Index Node
          • Sample Nearest Node
        • Write
          • Set ID Node
          • Set Position Node
          • Set Selection Node
        • Operations
          • Bake Node
          • Bounding Box Node
          • Convex Hull Node
          • Delete Geometry Node
          • Duplicate Elements Node
          • Merge by Distance Node
          • Split To Instances Node
          • Sort Elements Node
          • Transform Geometry Node
          • Separate Components Node
          • Separate Geometry Node
        • Geometry to Instance Node
        • Join Geometry Node
      • Curve Nodes
        • Read
          • Curve Handle Position Node
          • Curve Length Node
          • Curve Tangent Node
          • Curve Tilt Node
          • Endpoint Selection Node
          • Handle Type Selection Node
          • Is Spline Cyclic Node
          • Spline Length Node
          • Spline Parameter Node
          • Spline Resolution Node
        • Sample
          • Sample Curve Node
        • Write
          • Set Curve Normal Node
          • Set Curve Radius Node
          • Set Curve Tilt Node
          • Set Handle Positions Node
          • Set Handle Type Node
          • Set Spline Cyclic Node
          • Set Spline Resolution Node
          • Set Spline Type Node
        • Operations
          • Curve to Mesh Node
          • Curve to Points Node
          • Deform Curves on Surface Node
          • Fill Curve Node
          • Fillet Curve Node
          • Interpolate Curves Node
          • Resample Curve Node
          • Reverse Curve Node
          • Subdivide Curve Node
          • Trim Curve Node
        • Primitives
          • Arc Node
          • Bézier Segment Node
          • Curve Circle Node
          • Curve Line Node
          • Curve Spiral Node
          • Quadratic Bézier Node
          • Quadrilateral Node
          • Star Node
        • Topology
          • Curve of Point Node
          • Offset Point in Curve Node
          • Points of Curve Node
      • Instances Nodes
        • Instance on Points Node
        • Instances to Points Node
        • Realize Instances Node
        • Rotate Instances Node
        • Scale Instances Node
        • Translate Instances Node
        • Set Instance Transform Node
        • Instance Transform Node
        • Instance Rotation Node
        • Instance Scale Node
      • Mesh Nodes
        • Read
          • Edge Angle Node
          • Edge Neighbors Node
          • Edge Vertices Node
          • Edges to Face Groups Node
          • Face Area Node
          • Face Group Boundaries Node
          • Face Neighbors Node
          • Face Set Node
          • Is Face Planar Node
          • Is Edge Smooth Node
          • Is Face Smooth Node
          • Mesh Island Node
          • Shortest Edge Paths Node
          • Vertex Neighbors Node
        • Sample
          • Sample Nearest Surface Node
          • Sample UV Surface Node
        • Write
          • Set Face Set Node
          • Set Shade Smooth Node
        • Operations
          • Dual Mesh Node
          • Edge Paths to Curves Node
          • Edge Paths to Selection Node
          • Extrude Mesh Node
          • Flip Faces Node
          • Mesh Boolean Node
          • Mesh to Curve Node
          • Mesh to Points Node
          • Mesh to Volume Node
          • Scale Elements Node
          • Split Edges Node
          • Subdivide Mesh Node
          • Subdivision Surface Node
          • Triangulate Node
        • Primitives
          • Cone Node
          • Cube Node
          • Cylinder Node
          • Grid Node
          • Icosphere Node
          • Mesh Circle Node
          • Mesh Line Node
          • UV Sphere Node
        • Topology
          • Corners of Edge Node
          • Corners of Face Node
          • Corners of Vertex Node
          • Edges of Corner Node
          • Edges of Vertex Node
          • Face of Corner Node
          • Offset Corner in Face Node
          • Vertex of Corner Node
        • UV
          • Pack UV Islands Node
          • UV Unwrap Node
      • Point Nodes
        • Distribute Points in Volume
        • Distribute Points on Faces
        • Points Node
        • Points to Curves Node
        • Points to Vertices Node
        • Points to Volume Node
        • Set Point Radius Node
      • Volume Nodes
        • Operations
          • Volume to Mesh Node
        • Primitives
          • Volume Cube Node
      • Simulation Zone
      • Material Nodes
        • Replace Material Node
        • Material Index Node
        • Material Selection Node
        • Set Material Node
        • Set Material Index Node
      • Texture Nodes
        • Brick Texture Node
        • Checker Texture Node
        • Gradient Texture Node
        • Image Texture Node
        • Magic Texture Node
        • Musgrave Texture Node
        • Noise Texture Node
        • Voronoi Texture Node
        • Wave Texture Node
        • White Noise Texture Node
      • Utilities Nodes
        • Color
          • Blackbody Node
          • Color Ramp Node
          • Combine Color Node
          • Mix Node
          • RGB Curves Node
          • Separate Color Node
        • Text
          • Join Strings Node
          • Replace String Node
          • Slice String Node
          • Special Characters Node
          • String Length Node
          • String to Curves Node
          • Value to String Node
        • Vector
          • Combine XYZ Node
          • Separate XYZ Node
          • Vector Curves Node
          • Vector Math Node
          • Vector Rotate Node
        • Field
          • Accumulate Field Node
          • Evaluate at Index Node
          • Evaluate on Domain Node
        • Math
          • Boolean Math Node
          • Clamp Node
          • Compare Node
          • Float Curve
          • Float To Integer Node
          • Map Range Node
          • Math Node
          • Mix Node
        • Matrix
          • Combine Matrix Node
          • Combine Transform Node
          • Invert Matrix Node
          • Multiply Matrices Node
          • Project Point Node
          • Separate Matrix Node
          • Separate Transform Node
          • Transform Direction Node
          • Transform Point Node
          • Transpose Matrix Node
        • Rotation
          • Align Rotation to Vector Node
          • Axis to Rotation Node
          • Axis Angle to Rotation Node
          • Euler to Rotation Node
          • Invert Rotation Node
          • Rotate Rotation Node
          • Rotate Vector Node
          • Rotation to Euler Node
          • Rotation to Quaternion Node
          • Quaternion to Rotation Node
        • Deprecated
          • Align Euler to Vector Node
          • Rotate Euler Node
        • Index Switch Node
        • Menu Switch Node
        • Random Value Node
        • Repeat Zone
        • Switch Node
      • Group
      • Hair Nodes
        • Deformation
          • Blend Hair Curves
          • Displace Hair Curves
          • Frizz Hair Curves
          • Hair Curves Noise
          • Roll Hair Curves
          • Rotate Hair Curves
          • Shrinkwrap Hair Curves
          • Smooth Hair Curves
          • Straighten Hair Curves
          • Trim Hair Curves
        • Generation
          • Duplicate Hair Curves
          • Generate Hair Curves
          • Interpolate Hair Curves
        • Guides
          • Braid Hair Curves
          • Clump Hair Curves
          • Create Guide Index Map
          • Curl Hair Curves
        • Read
          • Curve Info
          • Curve Root
          • Curve Segment
          • Curve Tip
          • Hair Attachment Info
        • Utility
          • Attach Hair Curves to Surface
          • Redistribute Curve Points
          • Restore Curve Segment Length
        • Write
          • Set Hair Curve Profile
      • Normals Nodes
        • Smooth By Angle Node Group
    • Transform
      • Introduction
      • Transform Modal Map
  • Sculpting & Painting
    • Introduction
    • Brush
      • Introduction
      • Brushes
      • Brush Settings
      • Texture & Texture Mask
      • Stroke
      • Falloff
      • Cursor
    • Selection & Visibility
    • Navigation
    • Sculpting
      • Introduction
        • General
        • The Brush
        • Gesture Tools
        • Visibility, Masking & Face Sets
        • Filters
        • Transforming
        • Painting
        • Working with Multiple Objects
        • Adaptive Resolution
        • Cloth Sculpting
      • Toolbar
      • Tools
        • Draw
        • Draw Sharp
        • Clay
        • Clay Strips
        • Clay Thumb
        • Layer
        • Inflate
        • Blob
        • Crease
        • Smooth
        • Flatten
        • Fill
        • Scrape
        • Multiplane Scrape
        • Pinch
        • Grab
        • Elastic Deform
        • Snake Hook
        • Thumb
        • Pose
        • Nudge
        • Rotate
        • Slide Relax
        • Boundary
        • Cloth
        • Simplify
        • Mask
        • Draw Face Sets
        • Multires Displacement Eraser
        • Multires Displacement Smear
        • Paint
        • Smear
        • Mask Gesture Tools
        • Hide Gesture Tools
        • Face Set Gesture Tools
        • Trim Gesture Tools
        • Line Project
        • Mesh Filter
        • Cloth Filter
        • Color Filter
        • Edit Face Set
        • Mask by Color
        • Transforms
      • Tool Settings
        • Brushes
        • Brush Settings
          • Brush Settings
          • Texture
          • Stroke
          • Falloff
          • Cursor
        • Dyntopo
        • Remesh
        • Symmetry
        • Options
      • Controls
      • Editing
        • Sculpt
        • Mask
        • Face Sets
        • Expand
    • Texture Paint
      • Introduction
      • Texture Paint Tools
      • Tool Settings
        • Texture Slots
        • Brushes
        • Brush Settings
          • Texture
          • Stroke
          • Falloff
          • Cursor
        • Mask
        • Symmetry
        • Options
        • Tiling
    • Vertex Paint
      • Introduction
      • Vertex Paint Tools
      • Tool Settings
        • Brushes
        • Brush Settings
          • Texture
          • Stroke
          • Falloff
          • Cursor
        • Symmetry
      • Editing
    • Weight Paint
      • Introduction
      • Weight Paint Tools
      • Tool Settings
        • Brushes
        • Brush Settings
          • Stroke
          • Falloff
          • Cursor
        • Symmetry
        • Options
      • Using Vertex Groups
      • Editing
    • Curves Sculpting
      • Introduction
      • Tools
        • Selection Paint
        • Add Curves
        • Delete Curves
        • Density Brush
        • Comb Curves
        • Snake Hook Curves
        • Grow / Shrink Curves
        • Pinch Curves
        • Puff Curves
        • Smooth Curves
        • Slide Curves
      • Common Settings
  • Grease Pencil
    • Introduction
    • Object
    • Structure
    • Primitives
    • Selecting
    • Multiframe
    • Properties
      • Object Data
      • Layers
      • Masks
      • Onion Skinning
      • Strokes
      • Viewport Display
    • Modifiers
      • Introduction
      • Generate
        • Array Modifier
        • Build Modifier
        • Dot Dash Modifier
        • Envelope Modifier
        • Length Modifier
        • Line Art Modifier
        • Mirror Modifier
        • Multiple Strokes
        • Outline Modifier
        • Simplify Modifier
        • Subdivide Modifier
      • Deform
        • Armature Modifier
        • Hook Modifier
        • Lattice Modifier
        • Noise Modifier
        • Offset Modifier
        • Shrinkwrap Modifier
        • Smooth Modifier
        • Thickness Modifier
      • Color
        • Hue/Saturation Modifier
        • Opacity Modifier
        • Tint Modifier
      • Modify
        • Texture Mapping Modifier
        • Time Offset Modifier
        • Vertex Weight Angle Modifier
        • Vertex Weight Proximity Modifier
    • Visual Effects
      • Introduction
      • Blur Visual Effect
      • Colorize Visual Effect
      • Flip Visual Effect
      • Glow Visual Effect
      • Pixelate Visual Effect
      • Rim Visual Effect
      • Shadow Visual Effect
      • Swirl Visual Effect
      • Wave Distortion Visual Effect
    • Materials
      • Introduction
      • Properties
    • Animation
      • Introduction
      • Interpolation
      • Animation Tools
    • Draw Mode
      • Introduction
      • Drawing Tools
      • Tools
        • Draw Tool
        • Fill Tool
        • Erase Tool
        • Tint Tool
        • Cutter Tool
        • Eyedropper
        • Line Tool
        • Polyline Tool
        • Arc Tool
        • Curve Tool
        • Box Tool
        • Circle Tool
        • Interpolate
      • Tools Settings
        • Brushes
        • Brush Settings
        • Color
      • Stroke Placement
      • Drawing Planes
      • Guides
    • Sculpt Mode
      • Introduction
      • Sculpting Tools
      • Brush Settings
    • Edit Mode
      • Introduction
      • Editing Tools
      • Curve Editing
      • Grease Pencil Menu
      • Stroke Menu
      • Point Menu
    • Vertex Paint Mode
      • Introduction
      • Vertex Paint Tools
      • Brush Settings
      • Editing
    • Weight Paint Mode
      • Introduction
      • Weight Paint Tools
      • Tool Settings
        • Brush Settings
        • Options
      • Weights Menu
    • Object Mode
      • Convert to Geometry
      • Trace Image to Grease Pencil
  • Animation & Rigging
    • Introduction
    • Keyframes
      • Introduction
      • Editing
      • Keying Sets
    • Armatures
      • Introduction
      • Bones
        • Introduction
        • Bone Collections
        • Structure
        • Tools
          • Toolbar
          • Tool Settings
        • Selecting
        • Editing
          • Introduction
          • Transform
          • Bone Roll
          • Extrude
          • Duplicate
          • Fill Between Joints
          • Split
          • Separate Bones
          • Subdivide
          • Switch Direction
          • Symmetrize
          • Naming
          • Parenting
          • Properties
          • Delete
        • Properties
          • Transform
          • Bendy Bones
          • Relations
          • Inverse Kinematics
          • Deform
          • Viewport Display
          • Custom Properties
      • Properties
        • Introduction
        • Bone Collections
        • Selection Sets
        • Viewport Display
      • Structure
      • Skinning
        • Introduction
        • Armature Deform Parent
      • Posing
        • Introduction
        • Selecting
        • Editing
          • Introduction
          • Clear Transform
          • Apply
          • In-Betweens
          • Propagate
          • Copy/Paste Pose
          • Pose Library
          • Flip Quats
          • Show/Hide
        • Tool Settings
        • Bone Constraints
          • Introduction
          • Introduction
          • Spline IK
    • Lattice
    • Constraints
      • Introduction
      • Header
      • Common
      • Stack
      • Camera Solver Constraint
      • Object Solver Constraint
      • Follow Track Constraint
      • Copy Location Constraint
      • Copy Rotation Constraint
      • Copy Scale Constraint
      • Copy Transforms Constraint
      • Limit Distance Constraint
      • Limit Location Constraint
      • Limit Rotation Constraint
      • Limit Scale Constraint
      • Maintain Volume Constraint
      • Transformation Constraint
      • Transform Cache Constraint
      • Clamp To Constraint
      • Damped Track Constraint
      • Inverse Kinematics Constraint
      • Locked Track Constraint
      • Spline IK Constraint
      • Stretch To Constraint
      • Track To Constraint
      • Action Constraint
      • Armature Constraint
      • Child Of Constraint
      • Floor Constraint
      • Follow Path Constraint
      • Pivot Constraint
      • Shrinkwrap Constraint
    • Actions
    • Drivers
      • Introduction
      • Usage
      • Drivers Panel
      • Workflow & Examples
      • Troubleshooting
    • Markers
    • Shape Keys
      • Introduction
      • Shape Keys Panel
      • Workflow
    • Motion Paths
  • Physics
    • Introduction
    • Rigid Body
      • Introduction
      • Properties
        • Settings
        • Collisions
        • Dynamics
      • Rigid Body World
      • Rigid Body Constraints
        • Introduction
        • Types
          • Fixed Constraint
          • Point Constraint
          • Hinge Constraint
          • Slider Constraint
          • Piston Constraint
          • Generic Constraint
          • Generic Spring Constraint
          • Motor Constraint
      • Tips
    • Cloth
      • Introduction
      • Settings
        • Physical Properties
        • Cache
        • Shape
        • Collisions
        • Property Weights
        • Field Weights
      • Examples
    • Soft Body
      • Introduction
      • Settings
        • Object
        • Simulation
        • Cache
        • Goal
        • Edges
        • Self Collision
        • Solver
      • Forces
        • Exterior
        • Interior
      • Collision
      • Examples
    • Fluid
      • Introduction
      • Type
        • Domain
          • Settings
          • Gas Settings
            • Adaptive Domain
            • Noise
            • Viewport Display
          • Liquid Settings
            • Diffusion
            • Particles
            • Mesh
          • Guides
          • Collections
          • Cache
          • Field Weights
        • Flow
        • Effector
      • Materials
    • Particle System
      • Introduction
      • Particle System Panel
      • Emitter
        • Emission
        • Cache
        • Velocity
        • Rotation
        • Physics
          • Introduction
          • Newtonian
          • Keyed
          • Boids
          • Fluid
        • Render
        • Viewport Display
        • Children
        • Force Fields
        • Vertex Groups
      • Hair
        • Introduction
        • Emission
        • Hair Dynamics
        • Render
        • Shape
        • Children
        • Viewport Display
      • Texture Influence
      • Particle Edit Mode
    • Dynamic Paint
      • Introduction
      • Brush
      • Canvas
    • Forces
      • Gravity
      • Force Fields
        • Introduction
        • Boid
        • Charge
        • Curve Guide
        • Drag
        • Fluid Flow
        • Force
        • Harmonic
        • Lennard-Jones
        • Magnetic
        • Texture
        • Turbulence
        • Vortex
        • Wind
    • Collision
    • Baking Physics Simulations
    • Simulation Nodes
  • Rendering
    • Introduction
    • EEVEE
      • Introduction
      • Render Settings
        • Sampling
        • Clamping
        • Raytracing
        • Volumes
        • Curves
        • Depth of Field
        • Motion Blur
        • Film
        • Performance
        • Grease Pencil
      • Scene Settings
      • World Settings
      • Object Settings
        • Object
      • Materials
      • Light Settings
      • Light Probes
        • Sphere
        • Plane
        • Volume
      • Limitations
        • Limitations
        • Supported Nodes
    • Cycles
      • Introduction
      • Render Settings
        • Grease Pencil
        • Sampling
        • Light Paths
        • Volumes
        • Subdivision
        • Curves
        • Simplify
        • Motion Blur
        • Film
        • Performance
      • World Settings
      • Object Settings
        • Object
        • Light Linking
        • Adaptive Subdivision
        • Cameras
      • Material Settings
      • Light Settings
      • GPU Rendering
      • Experimental Features
      • Render Baking
      • Optimizing Renders
        • Reducing Noise
        • Shader Nodes
    • Workbench
      • Introduction
      • Performance
      • Sampling
      • Lighting
      • Color
      • Options
      • Grease Pencil
      • Viewport Display
    • Cameras
    • Lights
      • Light Objects
      • World Environment
    • Materials
      • Introduction
      • Components
        • Surfaces
        • Volumes
        • Displacement
      • Assignment
      • Preview
      • Settings
      • Line Art
      • Legacy Textures
        • Introduction
        • Colors
        • Blend
        • Clouds
        • Distorted Noise
        • Image or Movie
        • Magic
        • Marble
        • Musgrave
        • Noise
        • Stucci
        • Voronoi
        • Wood
    • Shader Nodes
      • Introduction
      • Input
        • Ambient Occlusion
        • Attribute Node
        • Bevel Node
        • Camera Data Node
        • Fresnel Node
        • Geometry Node
        • Curves Info Node
        • Layer Weight Node
        • Light Path Node
        • Object Info Node
        • Particle Info Node
        • Point Info
        • RGB Node
        • Tangent Node
        • Texture Coordinate Node
        • UV Map Node
        • Value Node
        • Color Attribute Node
        • Volume Info Node
        • Wireframe Node
      • Output
        • AOV Output Node
        • Material Output Node
        • Light Node
        • World Node
      • Shader
        • Add Shader
        • Background
        • Diffuse BSDF
        • Emission
        • Glass BSDF
        • Glossy BSDF
        • Hair BSDF
        • Holdout
        • Mix Shader
        • Principled BSDF
        • Principled Hair BSDF
        • Principled Volume
        • Ray Portal BSDF
        • Refraction BSDF
        • Specular BSDF
        • Subsurface Scattering
        • Toon BSDF
        • Translucent BSDF
        • Transparent BSDF
        • Sheen BSDF
        • Volume Absorption
        • Volume Scatter
      • Texture
        • Brick Texture Node
        • Checker Texture Node
        • Environment Texture Node
        • Gradient Texture Node
        • IES Texture Node
        • Image Texture Node
        • Magic Texture Node
        • Musgrave Texture Node
        • Noise Texture Node
        • Point Density Node
        • Sky Texture Node
        • Voronoi Texture Node
        • Wave Texture Node
        • White Noise Texture Node
      • Color
        • Brightness/Contrast Node
        • Gamma Node
        • Hue/Saturation/Value Node
        • Invert Color Node
        • Light Falloff Node
        • Mix Node
        • RGB Curves Node
      • Vector
        • Bump Node
        • Displacement Node
        • Mapping Node
        • Normal Node
        • Normal Map Node
        • Vector Curves Node
        • Vector Displacement Node
        • Vector Rotate Node
        • Vector Transform Node
      • Converter
        • Blackbody Node
        • Clamp Node
        • Color Ramp Node
        • Combine Color Node
        • Combine XYZ Node
        • Float Curve
        • Map Range Node
        • Math Node
        • Mix Node
        • RGB to BW Node
        • Separate Color Node
        • Separate XYZ Node
        • Shader To RGB
        • Vector Math Node
        • Wavelength Node
      • Group
      • Open Shading Language
    • Color Management
    • Freestyle
      • Introduction
      • Render Properties
      • View Layer Properties
        • Freestyle
        • Line Set
        • Line Style
          • Introduction
          • Strokes
          • Color
          • Alpha
          • Thickness
          • Geometry
          • Texture
          • Color
            • Along Stroke
            • Crease Angle
            • Curvature 3D
            • Distance from Camera
            • Distance from Object
            • Material
            • Noise
            • Tangent
          • Alpha
            • Along Stroke
            • Crease Angle
            • Curvature 3D
            • Distance from Camera
            • Distance from Object
            • Material
            • Noise
            • Tangent
          • Thickness
            • Along Stroke
            • Calligraphy
            • Crease Angle
            • Curvature 3D
            • Distance from Camera
            • Distance from Object
            • Material
            • Noise
            • Tangent
          • Geometry
            • 2D Offset
            • 2D Transform
            • Backbone Stretcher
            • Bézier Curve
            • Blueprint
            • Guiding Lines
            • Perlin Noise 1D
            • Perlin Noise 2D
            • Polygonization
            • Sampling
            • Simplification
            • Sinus Displacement
            • Spatial Noise
            • Tip Remover
      • Material Properties
      • Python Scripting
    • Layers & Passes
      • Introduction
      • View Layer
      • Passes
    • Render Output
      • Introduction
      • Output Properties
        • Format
        • Frame Range
        • Stereoscopy
          • Introduction
          • Usage
        • Output
        • Metadata
        • Post Processing
      • Audio Rendering
        • Introduction
        • Speaker
      • Rendering Animations
      • Animation Player
  • Compositing
    • Introduction
    • Sidebar
    • GPU Compositor
    • Input Nodes
      • Constant
        • RGB Node
        • Value Node
      • Bokeh Image Node
      • Image Node
      • Mask Node
      • Movie Clip Node
      • Texture Node
      • Scene
        • Render Layers Node
        • Scene Time Node
        • Time Curve Node
    • Output Nodes
      • Composite Node
      • Viewer Node
      • File Output Node
    • Color Nodes
      • Adjust
        • Brightness/Contrast Node
        • Color Balance Node
        • Color Correction Node
        • Exposure Node
        • Gamma Node
        • Hue Correct Node
        • Hue/Saturation/Value Node
        • RGB Curves Node
        • Tone Map Node
      • Mix
        • Alpha Over Node
        • Combine Color Node
        • Separate Color Node
        • Mix Node
        • Z Combine Node
      • Alpha Convert Node
      • Color Ramp Node
      • Color Space Node
      • Set Alpha Node
      • Invert Color Node
      • RGB to BW Node
    • Filter Nodes
      • Blur Filter Nodes
        • Bilateral Blur Node
        • Blur Node
        • Bokeh Blur Node
        • Defocus Node
        • Directional Blur Node
        • Vector Blur Node
      • Anti-Aliasing Node
      • Denoise Node
      • Despeckle Node
      • Dilate/Erode Node
      • Inpaint Node
      • Filter Node
      • Glare Node
      • Kuwahara Node
      • Pixelate Node
      • Posterize
      • Sun Beams Node
    • Keying Nodes
      • Channel Key Node
      • Chroma Key Node
      • Color Key Node
      • Color Spill Node
      • Difference Key Node
      • Distance Key Node
      • Keying Node
      • Keying Screen Node
      • Luminance Key Node
    • Mask Nodes
      • Cryptomatte Node
      • Cryptomatte Node (Legacy)
      • Box Mask Node
      • Ellipse Mask Node
      • Double Edge Mask Node
      • ID Mask Node
    • Tracking Nodes
      • Plane Track Deform Node
      • Stabilize 2D Node
      • Track Position Node
    • Transform Nodes
      • Rotate Node
      • Scale Node
      • Transform Node
      • Translate Node
      • Corner Pin Node
      • Crop Node
      • Displace Node
      • Flip Node
      • Map UV Node
      • Lens Distortion Node
      • Movie Distortion Node
    • Utilities Nodes
      • Map Range Node
      • Map Value Node
      • Math Node
      • Levels Node
      • Normalize Node
      • Split Node
      • Switch Node
      • Switch View Node
    • Vector Nodes
      • Combine XYZ Node
      • Separate XYZ Node
      • Normal Node
      • Vector Curves Node
    • Group
    • Layout Nodes
  • Motion Tracking & Masking
    • Motion Tracking
      • Introduction
      • Clip View
        • Introduction
        • Tracking Marker
        • Toolbar
          • Track
          • Solve
        • Selecting
        • Editing
          • Clip
          • Track
          • Reconstruction
        • Sidebar
          • Track
            • Track
            • Objects Panel
            • Plane Track
            • Camera
            • Marker
          • 2D Stabilization
            • Introduction
            • 2D Stabilization Panel
            • Workflow
          • View
      • Graph View
      • Dope Sheet View
    • Masking
      • Introduction
      • S-Curves
      • Selecting
      • Editing
      • Sidebar
  • Video Editing
    • Introduction
    • Setup Your Project
      • Introduction
      • Directory Structure
    • Edit Your Project
      • Introduction
      • Montage
        • Introduction
        • Strips
          • Introduction
          • Scene Strip
          • Clip Strip
          • Mask Strip
          • Movie Strip
          • Sound Strip
          • Image/Sequence Strip
          • Color Strip
          • Text Strip
          • Adjustment Layer Strip
          • Effect Strips
            • Add Strip
            • Subtract Strip
            • Multiply Strip
            • Alpha Over, Under & Over Drop Strips
            • Color Mix Strip
            • Multicam Selector Strip
            • Transform Strip
            • Speed Control Strip
            • Glow Strip
            • Gaussian Blur Strip
          • Transitions
            • Sound Crossfade
            • Cross Strip
            • Gamma Cross Strip
            • Wipe Strip
        • Selecting
        • Editing
        • Meta Strips
  • Assets, Files, & Data System
    • Introduction
    • Blender File
      • Opening & Saving
      • Compatibility
      • Packed Data
      • Blend-Files Previews
      • Rename
    • Data-Blocks
    • Custom Properties
    • Linked Libraries
      • Link & Append
      • Library Overrides
    • Asset Libraries
      • Introduction
      • Asset Catalogs
    • Media Formats
      • Supported Graphics Formats
      • Supported Video & Audio Formats
    • Importing & Exporting Files
      • Alembic
      • Collada (Legacy)
      • Universal Scene Description
      • Wavefront OBJ
      • Stanford PLY
      • STL
      • Import/Export SVG as Grease Pencil
      • Export Grease Pencil as (PDF)
  • Add-ons
    • 3D View
      • VR Scene Inspection
    • Animation
      • Copy Global Transform
    • Import-Export
      • BioVision Motion Capture (BVH)
      • FBX
      • Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)
      • UV Layout
      • glTF 2.0
    • Node
      • Node Wrangler
    • Rigging
      • Rigify
        • Introduction
        • Basic Usage
        • Bone Positioning Guide
        • Generated Rig Features
        • Creating Meta-rigs
        • Rig Types
          • Basic
          • Spines
          • Limbs
          • Faces
          • Skin
          • Face
        • Feature Sets
    • System
      • Manage UI Translations
  • Advanced
    • Using Blender From The Command Line
      • Launching from the Command Line
        • Linux
        • macOS
        • Windows
      • Arguments
      • Extensions Command Line Arguments
      • Rendering From The Command Line
    • Scripting & Extending Blender
      • Introduction
      • Scripting & Security
      • Add-on Tutorial
    • Creating Extensions
      • Getting started
      • Compatible licenses
      • Supported tags
      • Add-ons
      • Python Wheels
      • Creating a Repository
        • Static Repository
        • Dynamic Repository
    • Application Templates
    • Keymap Customization
    • Working Limits
    • Operators
    • Blender’s Directory Layout
    • Deploying Blender in Production
    • Appendices
      • Rotation Modes
  • Troubleshooting
    • Startup
    • 3D Viewport
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      • Windows – AMD
      • Windows – Intel
      • Windows – Other GPU
      • Linux – Nvidia
      • Linux – AMD
      • Linux – Intel
      • Linux – Other GPU
      • macOS – Nvidia
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    • Recovering Data
  • Glossary
  • Manual Index

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Components#

  • Surfaces
    • Terminology
    • BSDF Parameters
  • Volumes
    • Shading
    • Mesh Volumes
    • World Volume
    • Multiple Scattering
  • Displacement
    • Bump Only
    • Displacement Only
    • Displacement and Bump
Next
Surfaces
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Introduction
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Last updated on 2024-12-21
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