Шляхи Світла – Light Paths¶
Орієнтир – Reference
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Max Bounces¶
Максимальна кількість відскоків світла може керуватися вручну. Хоча в ідеалі вона має бути безкінечною, на практиці ж, менша кількість відскоків може бути достатньою або деякі із взаємодій світла можуть бути навмисно пропущені для швидшого зведення. Кількість відскоків розсіяного (diffuse) відбиття, глянцевого (glossy) відбиття та пропускання (transmission) можуть також керуватися індивідуально.
Light paths are terminated probabilistically when specifying a minimum number of light bounces lower than the maximum. In that case, paths longer than minimum will be randomly stopped when they are expected to contribute less light to the image. This will still converge to the same image, but renders faster while possibly being noisier.
- Total
- Maximum number of light bounces. For best quality, this should be set to the maximum. However, in practice, it may be good to set it to lower values for faster rendering. A value of 0 bounces results in direct lighting only.
- Diffuse
- Maximum number of diffuse bounces.
- Glossy
- Maximum number of glossy bounces.
- Прозорість – Transparency
Maximum number of transparency bounces.
Максимальна кількість відскоків прозорості керується окремо від інших відскоків. Також можливо використовувати ймовірнісне завершення відскоків прозорості, яке може допомогти рендерити багато рівнів прозорості.
- Transmission
- Maximum number of transmission bounces.
- Volume
- Maximum number of volume scattering bounces.
Clamp¶
- Clamp Direct
This option limits the maximum intensity a sample from rays which have not yet bounced can contribute to a pixel. It reduces noise at the cost of accuracy. Setting this option to 0.0 disables clamping altogether. Lower have a greater affect (dimmer samples) on the resulting image than higher values.
Примітка
A common issue encountered with Path Tracing is the occurrence of «fireflies»: improbable samples that contribute very high values to pixels. This option provides a way to limit that. However, note that as you clamp out such values, other bright lights/reflections will be dimmed as well.
Care must be taken when using this setting to find a balance between mitigating fireflies and losing intentionally bright parts. It is often useful to clamp indirect bounces separately, as they tend to cause more fireflies than direct bounces. See the Clamp Indirect setting.
- Clamp Indirect
- The same as Clamp Direct, but for rays which have bounced multiple times.
Caustics¶
A common source of noise is caustics.
- Reflective Caustics
- While in principle path tracing supports rendering of caustics with a sufficient number of samples, in practice it may be inefficient to the point that there is just too much noise. This option can be unchecked, to disable reflective caustics.
- Refractive Caustics
- The same as above, but for refractive caustics.
- Filter Glossy
When using a value higher than 0.0, this will blur glossy reflections after blurry bounces, to reduce noise at the cost of accuracy. 1.0 is a good starting value to tweak.
Some light paths have a low probability of being found while contributing much light to the pixel. As a result these light paths will be found in some pixels and not in others, causing fireflies. An example of such a difficult path might be a small light that is causing a small specular highlight on a sharp glossy material, which is observed through a rough glossy material. In fact in such a case there practically occurs a caustic.
With path tracing it is difficult to find the specular highlight, but if you increase the roughness on the material, the highlight gets bigger and softer, and so easier to find. Often this blurring will hardly be noticeable, because it is blurred by the material anyway, but there are also cases where this will lead to a loss of detail in lighting.
Дивись також
See Reducing Noise for examples of the clamp settings in use.