Lights

Blender Preferences Lights section.

Studio Lights

Studio Lights are used to illuminate the 3D Viewport during Solid View and will not be rendered. Unlike lights in the scene, the lighting direction follows the viewport orientation.

Editor

There are up to four virtual light sources.

The Light toggles allow you to enable or disable individual lights. At least one of the four lights must remain enabled for the 3D Viewport. The lights are equal, except for their direction and color. You can control the direction of the lights, as well as their diffuse and specular colors.

Use Light

Toggles the specific light.

Diffuse

This is the constant color of the light.

Specular

This is the highlight color of the light.

Smooth

Smooth the shading from this light.

This has the effect of lighting to be less direct.

Direction

The direction of the light, (see Direction Buttons).

The direction of the light will be the same as shown at the sphere surface.

Ambient Color

The color of unlit areas.

MatCaps

This panel manages MatCap image files which can used to light the view when MatCap shading is enabled.

Two kinds of images are supported for MatCaps. Regular image files and multilayered OpenEXR files. When using multilayered OpenEXR files, the layer named "diffuse" will be used as a diffuse pass, the layer named "specular" will be used as a specular pass. Regular images will be handled as "diffuse" and will not support specular highlighting.

The diffuse pass is multiplied with the base color of the objects and the specular pass is added on top. MatCaps, that only have a diffuse pass tend to look very metallic, with a separate specular pass it is possible to simulate a wider variety of materials.

HDRIs

This panel manages HDRI image files which can be used to light the view when Material Preview or Rendered shading is enabled.