Geometry – Геометрія

Панель «Геометрія» – Geometry.

Offset – Зсув

Переміщує видавлення паралельно до нормалей кривої.

Коло Безьє: Offset – -1, Extrusion – 0.5, Bevel: Depth – 0.25, Bevel: Resolution – 10.

Extrude – Видавлення

Will extrude the curve along both the positive and negative local Z axes. Turns a one-dimensional curve into a two-dimensional curve by giving it height. With a scale is the sum of both directions, perpendicular to the curve’s normals.

Коло Безьє: Extrude – 0.0 (Edit Mode).

Коло Безьє: Extrude – 0.5 (Object Mode).

Об’єкт Звуження – Taper Object

Tapering a curve causes it to get thinner towards one end. You can also alter the proportions of the Taper throughout the tapered object by moving/scaling/rotating the control points of the Taper Object. The taper curve is evaluated along the local X axis, using the local Y axis for width control. In order for this to work the Taper Object can only be another open curve.

The details are:

• Звуження застосовується незалежно до всіх кривих видавленого об’єкта.

• Обчислюється лише перша крива для Taper Object, навіть якщо ви маєте у ньому кілька окремих сегментів.

• Масштабування починається у першій керувальній точці зліва та йде уздовж кривої до останньої керувальної точки справа.

• Negative scaling, (e.g. negative local Y on the taper curve) is possible as well. However, rendering artifacts may appear.

• You may need to increase the curve resolution to see more detail of the taper.

• The Taper Object is distributed by control points. Therefor unevenly spaced control points may likelier to stretch the shape of the taper. Subdividing segments causes those points to use a larger fraction of the overall taper shape.

• With closed curves, the taper curve in Taper Object acts along the whole curve (perimeter of the object), not just the length of the object, and varies the extrusion depth. In these cases, you want the relative height of the Taper Object Taper curve at both ends to be the same, so that the cyclic point (the place where the endpoint of the curve connects to the beginning) is a smooth transition.

Підказка

Editing the handles and control points of the Taper Object will instantly change the shape of the original object.

Taper Mode

For curves using a Taper Object, this option defines how the effective curve radius is computed from the Taper Object.

Заміщення – Override:

The curve radius is ignored and the effective radius is equal to the taper radius.

Multiply – Множення:

The effective radius is computed by multiplying the taper radius with the curve radius.

Add – Додання:

The effective radius is computed by adding the taper radius to the curve radius.

Examples of a curve with a radius of zero on one end and a radius of one on the other end.

Override mode.

Multiply mode.

Add mode.

Розкладка Звуження – Map Taper

Для кривих, що використовують Об’єкт Звуження та за допомогою модифікацій Start/End Bevel Factor опція Map Taper буде застосовувати звуження до скошеної частини кривої (не до всієї кривої).

Bevel – Скіс

Round – Округлення

Depth – Глибина

Змінює розмір скосу.

A curve with different Bevel depths applied (Depth of 0.05).

A curve with different Bevel depths applied (Depth of 0.25).

Роздільність – Resolution

Змінює плавність скосу.

A curve with different resolutions applied (Resolution of 1).

A curve with different resolutions applied (Resolution of 12).

Заповнити Торці – Fill Caps

Запечатує кінці скошеної кривої.

Object – Об’єкт

Object – Об’єкт

Here you can specify a curve object (opened or closed) which will be extruded along the curve. If your object’s shape is 3D, it will be projected to its local XY plane before the extrusion. You can check how the projected Object looks like by switching its shape to 2D.

Важливо

Make sure the shape you want to extrude is in the Object’s local XY plane. If it is in the local XZ or YZ plane, it will be reduced to a line when it is projected to the local XY plane. Because of this, the extruded shape will be a flat plane.

A curve with a Bézier curve as the Bevel Object.

A curve with a Bézier circle as the Bevel Object.

Профіль – Profile

Віджет кастомного профілю.

This Віджет Кривої – Curve Widget allows the creation of a user-defined profile with more complexity than with the single profile parameter. The modal tool allows toggling the custom profile, but the shape of the profile is only editable in the options panel after the operation is confirmed.

The profile starts at the bottom right of the widget and ends at the top left, as if it were between two edges intersecting at a right angle. Control points are created in the widget and then the path is sampled with the number of segments from the Bevel modifier.

Примітка

The Profile curve widget stays active when miters are enabled because it still controls the shape of the miter profiles.

Presets – Передустави

The Support Loops and Steps presets are built dynamically depending on the number of segments in the bevel. If the number of segments is changed, the preset will have to be re-applied.

Sampling – Відбір

Samples will first be added to each control point, then if there are enough samples, they will be divided evenly between the edges. The Sample Straight Edges option toggles whether the samples are added to edges with sharp control points on either side. If there aren’t enough samples to give each edge the same number of samples, they will just be added to the most curved edges. So it is recommended to use at least as many segments as there are control points.

Start & End Mapping

Factor Start, End

These options determine where to start/end the geometry of the curve. This allows to make a curve which is not fully covered with geometry.

A Start value to 0.5 will start the geometry at 50% of the distance from the start of the curve (in effect shortening the curve). An End value of 0.75 will start the geometry at 25% of the distance from the end of the curve (again, shortening the curve).

A curve with no Factor Start, End.

A curve with a 0.6 End factor.

Mapping Start, End

Allows to control the relation between the Factor Start, End (number between 0 and 1) and the rendered start and end point of the spline’s geometry.

Роздільність – Resolution:

Maps the start and end factor to the number of subdivisions of a spline (U resolution).

Segments – Сегменти:

Maps the start and end factor to the length of its segments. Mapping to segments treats the subdivisions in each segment of a curve as if they would have all the same length.

Сплайн – Spline:

Maps the start and end factor to the length of a spline.

Examples – Приклади

Відкрита 2D крива

The extrusion will create a «wall» or «ribbon» following the curve shape. If using a Bevel Depth, the wall becomes a sort of slide or gutter. If your normals are facing the wrong way you can switch their direction as shown here.

Відкрита 2D Крива за допомогою Alt-C, заповнення установлено у нуль, нульовий зсув, видавлення як 0.5, Bevel Depth як 0.25, Bevel Resolution як 10.

Закрита 2D крива

This is probably the most useful situation, as it will quickly create a volume, with (by default) two flat and parallel surfaces filling the two sides of the extruded «wall». You can remove one or both of these faces by choosing the fill mode: both, front, back, or none.

Додаткова глибина скошування буде завжди створювати тут 90-градусні скоси.

Закрита 2D Крива, Extrude 0.5, Bevel Depth 0.25, Bevel Resolution 10, Fill: Both.

3D крива

Тут той факт, що немає значення – чи відкрита чи закрита крива – ви ніколи не отримаєте об’єм з видавленої 3D кривої, тільки стіну або стрічку, як з відкритими 2D кривими.

However, there is one more feature with 3D curves: the Tilt of the control points (see above). It will make the ribbon twist around the curve to create a Möbius strip, for example.

Звуження – Taper

Let us taper a simple curve circle extruded object using a taper curve. Add a curve, then exit Edit Mode. Add another one (a closed one, like a circle); call it «BevelCurve», and enter its name in the Bevel Object field of the first curve (Curve tab). We now have a pipe. Add a third curve while in Object Mode and call it «TaperCurve». Adjust the left control point by raising it up about 5 units.

Now return to the Object tab, and edit the first curve’s Taper Object field in the Geometry panel to reference the new taper curve which we called «TaperCurve». When you hit enter the taper curve is applied immediately, with the results shown in Fig. Крива-коло задана як Bevel Object..

Крива-коло задана як Bevel Object.

Звуження видавленої кривої.

You can see the taper curve being applied to the extruded object. Notice how the pipe’s volume shrinks to nothing as the taper curve goes from left to right. If the taper curve went below the local Y axis the pipe’s inside would become the outside, which would lead to rendering artifacts. Of course as an artist that may be what you are looking for!

Приклад звуження 1.

In Fig. Приклад звуження 1. you can clearly see the effect the left taper curve has on the right curve object. Here the left taper curve is closer to the object origin and that results in a smaller curve object to the right.

Приклад звуження 2.

На Ілюстрації Приклад звуження 2. керувальна точка кривої звуження зліва пересунута далі від початку об’єкта і це дає ширший результат на об’єкті кривої справа.

Приклад звуження 3.

На Ілюстрації Приклад звуження 3. ми бачимо використання більш нерегулярної кривої звуження, застосованої до оригінальної кривої-кола.

Приклад скошеного видавлення з Tilt.