Những Đối Số Dòng Lệnh (Command Line Arguments)#

Blender 4.1

Usage: blender [args ...] [file] [args ...]

Tùy Chọn Kết Xuất (Render Options)#

-b, "--background"

Run in background (often used for UI-less rendering).

-a, "--render-anim"

Render frames from start to end (inclusive).

-S, "--scene" "<name>"

Set the active scene <name> for rendering.

-f, "--render-frame" "<frame>"

Render frame <frame> and save it.

+<frame> start frame relative, -<frame> end frame relative.
A comma separated list of frames can also be used (no spaces).
A range of frames can be expressed using .. separator between the first and last frames (inclusive).

-s, "--frame-start" "<frame>"

Set start to frame <frame>, supports +/- for relative frames too.

-e, "--frame-end" "<frame>"

Set end to frame <frame>, supports +/- for relative frames too.

-j, "--frame-jump" "<frames>"

Set number of frames to step forward after each rendered frame.

-o, "--render-output" "<path>"

Set the render path and file name. Use // at the start of the path to render relative to the blend-file.

The # characters are replaced by the frame number, and used to define zero padding.

animation_##_test.png becomes animation_01_test.png
test-######.png becomes test-000001.png

When the filename does not contain #, The suffix #### is added to the filename.

The frame number will be added at the end of the filename, eg:

blender -b animation.blend -o //render_ -F PNG -x 1 -a

//render_ becomes //render_####, writing frames as //render_0001.png

-E, "--engine" "<engine>"

Specify the render engine. Use -E help to list available engines.

-t, "--threads" "<threads>"

Use amount of <threads> for rendering and other operations [1-1024], 0 for systems processor count.

Tùy Chọn Kết Xuất của Cycles (Cycles Render Options)#

Cycles add-on options must be specified following a double dash.

"--cycles-device" "<device>"

Set the device used for rendering. Valid options are: CPU CUDA OPTIX HIP ONEAPI METAL.

Append +CPU to a GPU device to render on both CPU and GPU.

Example:

blender -b file.blend -f 20 -- --cycles-device OPTIX

"--cycles-print-stats"

Log statistics about render memory and time usage.

Tùy Chọn về Định Dạng (Format Options)#

-F, "--render-format" "<format>"

Set the render format. Valid options are: TGA RAWTGA JPEG IRIS AVIRAW AVIJPEG PNG BMP HDR TIFF.

Formats that can be compiled into Blender, not available on all systems: OPEN_EXR OPEN_EXR_MULTILAYER FFMPEG CINEON DPX JP2 WEBP.

-x, "--use-extension" <bool>

Set option to add the file extension to the end of the file.

Tùy Chọn Chơi Lại Hoạt Họa (Animation Playback Options)#

-a "<options>" "<file[s]>"

Instead of showing Blender's user interface, this runs Blender as an animation player, to view movies and image sequences rendered in Blender (ignored if -b is set).

Playback Arguments:

-p <sx> <sy>: Open with lower left corner at <sx>, <sy>.
-m: Read from disk (Do not buffer).
-f "<fps>" "<fps_base>": Specify FPS to start with.
-j "<frame>": Set frame step to <frame>.
-s "<frame>": Play from <frame>.
-e "<frame>": Play until <frame>.
-c "<cache_memory>": Amount of memory in megabytes to allow for caching images during playback. Zero disables (clamping to a fixed number of frames instead).

Tùy Chọn Cửa Sổ (Window Options)#

-w, "--window-border": Force opening with borders.
-W, "--window-fullscreen": Force opening in full-screen mode.
-p, "--window-geometry" <sx> <sy> <w> <h>: Open with lower left corner at <sx>, <sy> and width and height as <w>, <h>.
-M, "--window-maximized": Force opening maximized.
-con, "--start-console": Start with the console window open (ignored if -b is set), (Windows only).
"--no-native-pixels": Do not use native pixel size, for high resolution displays (MacBook Retina).
"--no-window-focus": Open behind other windows and without taking focus.

Tùy Chọn về Python (Python Options)#

-y, "--enable-autoexec": Enable automatic Python script execution.
-Y, "--disable-autoexec": Disable automatic Python script execution (Python-drivers & startup scripts), (default).
-P, --python "<filepath>": Run the given Python script file.
"--python-text" "<name>": Run the given Python script text block.
"--python-expr" "<expression>": Run the given expression as a Python script.
"--python-console": Run Blender with an interactive console.
"--python-exit-code" "<code>": Set the exit-code in [0..255] to exit if a Python exception is raised (only for scripts executed from the command line), zero disables.
"--python-use-system-env": Allow Python to use system environment variables such as PYTHONPATH and the user site-packages directory.
"--addons" "<addon[s]>": Comma separated list (no spaces) of add-ons to enable in addition to any default add-ons.

Tùy Chọn về Nhật Ký Theo Dõi Hoạt Động (Logging Options)#

"--log" "<match>": Enable logging categories, taking a single comma separated argument. Multiple categories can be matched using a .* suffix, so --log "wm.*" logs every kind of window-manager message. Sub-string can be matched using a * prefix and suffix, so --log "*undo*" logs every kind of undo-related message. Use "^" prefix to ignore, so --log "*,^wm.operator.*" logs all except for wm.operators.* Use "*" to log everything.
"--log-level" "<level>": Set the logging verbosity level (higher for more details) defaults to 1, use -1 to log all levels.
"--log-show-basename": Only show file name in output (not the leading path).
"--log-show-backtrace": Show a back trace for each log message (debug builds only).
"--log-show-timestamp": Show a timestamp for each log message in seconds since start.
"--log-file" "<filepath>": Set a file to output the log to.

Tùy Chọn về Điều Tra Lỗi (Debug Options)#

-d, "--debug"

Turn debugging on.

Enables memory error detection
Disables mouse grab (to interact with a debugger in some cases)
Keeps Python's sys.stdin rather than setting it to None

"--debug-value" "<value>"

Set debug value of <value> on startup.

"--debug-events"

Enable debug messages for the event system.

"--debug-ffmpeg"

Enable debug messages from FFmpeg library.

"--debug-handlers"

Enable debug messages for event handling.

"--debug-libmv"

Enable debug messages from libmv library.

"--debug-cycles"

Enable debug messages from Cycles.

"--debug-memory"

Enable fully guarded memory allocation and debugging.

"--debug-jobs"

Enable time profiling for background jobs.

"--debug-python"

Enable debug messages for Python.

"--debug-depsgraph"

Enable all debug messages from dependency graph.

"--debug-depsgraph-eval"

Enable debug messages from dependency graph related on evaluation.

"--debug-depsgraph-build"

Enable debug messages from dependency graph related on graph construction.

"--debug-depsgraph-tag"

Enable debug messages from dependency graph related on tagging.

"--debug-depsgraph-no-threads"

Switch dependency graph to a single threaded evaluation.

"--debug-depsgraph-time"

Enable debug messages from dependency graph related on timing.

"--debug-depsgraph-pretty"

Enable colors for dependency graph debug messages.

--debug-depsgraph-uid

Verify validness of session-wide identifiers assigned to ID data-blocks.

"--debug-ghost"

Enable debug messages for Ghost (Linux only).

"--debug-wintab"

Enable debug messages for Wintab.

"--debug-gpu"

Enable GPU debug context and information for OpenGL 4.3+.

"--debug-gpu-force-workarounds"

Enable workarounds for typical GPU issues and disable all GPU extensions.

--debug-gpu-compile-shaders

Compile all statically defined shaders to test platform compatibility.

"--debug-gpu-renderdoc"

Enable Renderdoc integration for GPU frame grabbing and debugging.

"--debug-wm"

Enable debug messages for the window manager, shows all operators in search, shows keymap errors.

"--debug-xr"

Enable debug messages for virtual reality contexts. Enables the OpenXR API validation layer, (OpenXR) debug messages and general information prints.

"--debug-xr-time"

Enable debug messages for virtual reality frame rendering times.

"--debug-all"

Enable all debug messages.

"--debug-io"

Enable debug messages for I/O (Collada, ...).

"--debug-fpe"

Enable floating-point exceptions.

"--debug-exit-on-error"

Immediately exit when internal errors are detected.

"--debug-freestyle"

Enable debug messages for Freestyle.

"--disable-crash-handler"

Disable the crash handler.

"--disable-abort-handler"

Tắt bộ xử lý tình trạng hủy bỏ.

"--verbose" "<verbose>"

Set the logging verbosity level for debug messages that support it.

Tùy Chọn về GPU (GPU Options)#

"--gpu-backend": Force to use a specific GPU backend. Valid options: vulkan (experimental), metal, opengl.

Tùy Chọn Linh Tinh (Misc Options)#

"--open-last": Open the most recently opened blend file, instead of the default startup file.
"--app-template" "<template>": Set the application template (matching the directory name), use default for none.
"--factory-startup": Skip reading the startup.blend in the users home directory.
"--enable-event-simulate": Enable event simulation testing feature bpy.types.Window.event_simulate.
"--env-system-datafiles": Set the BLENDER_SYSTEM_DATAFILES environment variable.
"--env-system-scripts": Set the BLENDER_SYSTEM_SCRIPTS environment variable.
"--env-system-python": Set the BLENDER_SYSTEM_PYTHON environment variable.
"-noaudio": Force sound system to None.
"-setaudio": Force sound system to a specific device. None SDL OpenAL CoreAudio JACK PulseAudio WASAPI.
-h, --help: Print this help text and exit.
/?: Print this help text and exit (Windows only).
-r, --register: Register blend-file extension for current user, then exit (Windows only).
"--register-allusers": Register blend-file extension for all users, then exit (Windows only).
"--unregister": Unregister blend-file extension for current user, then exit (Windows only).
"--unregister-allusers": Unregister blend-file extension for all users, then exit (Windows only).
-v, "--version": Print Blender version and exit.
--: End option processing, following arguments passed unchanged. Access via Python's sys.argv.

Phân Tích Đối Số (Argument Parsing)#

Arguments must be separated by white space, eg:

blender -ba test.blend

...will exit since -ba is an unknown argument.

Trật Tự của Đối Số (Argument Order)#

Arguments are executed in the order they are given. eg:

blender --background test.blend --render-frame 1 --render-output "/tmp"

...will not render to /tmp because --render-frame 1 renders before the output path is set.

blender --background --render-output /tmp test.blend --render-frame 1

...will not render to /tmp because loading the blend-file overwrites the render output that was set.

blender --background test.blend --render-output /tmp --render-frame 1

...hoạt động như mong muốn.

Biến Số Môi Trường (Environment Variables)#

BLENDER_USER_RESOURCES:: Top level directory for user files. (other BLENDER_USER_* variables override when set).
BLENDER_USER_CONFIG:: Directory for user configuration files.
BLENDER_USER_SCRIPTS:: Directory for user scripts.
BLENDER_USER_DATAFILES:: Directory for user data files (icons, translations, ..).
BLENDER_SYSTEM_RESOURCES:: Top level directory for system files. (other BLENDER_SYSTEM_* variables override when set).
BLENDER_SYSTEM_SCRIPTS:: Directory for system wide scripts.
BLENDER_SYSTEM_DATAFILES:: Directory for system wide data files.
BLENDER_SYSTEM_PYTHON:: Directory for system Python libraries.
OCIO:: Path to override the OpenColorIO configuration file.
TEMP:: Store temporary files here (MS-Windows).
TMPDIR:: Store temporary files here (UNIX Systems). The path must reference an existing directory or it will be ignored.