Editing Normals¶
The Normals menu can be accessed as a popover by pressing Alt-N.
Most of the operators in this menu work with custom split normals, which are normal vectors that belong to face corners (not vertices). Selecting these corners can be done in multiple ways:
If the selection mode is set to Vertex or Edge, selecting a vertex or edge also selects the nearest corners of the faces it's part of.
If the selection mode is Face, selecting a face also selects its corners.
If both the Vertex and Face modes are enabled, selecting a vertex and then adding a face will select just the matching face corner.
Similar to the above, if both the Edge and Face modes are enabled, selecting an edge and then adding a face will select just the two matching face corners.
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The 3D Viewport overlay for visualizing normals.
The Dữ Liệu Hình Học (Geometry Data) panel of the mesh properties for clearing custom normals.
Mesh Data Transfer (operator or modifier) for copying normals from another mesh.
The Bộ Điều Chỉnh Biên Soạn Pháp Tuyến (Normal Edit Modifier) and the Bộ Điều Chỉnh Pháp Tuyến Cân Trọng (Weighted Normal Modifier) for calculating or changing normals based on certain criteria.
Đảo Lật (Flip)¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
Changes the orientation of the selected faces, turning their "front side" into their "back side" and vice versa. This does not affect custom split normals.
The 3D Viewport's Chiều Hướng của Mặt (Face Orientation) overlay is useful for quickly spotting faces that are oriented the wrong way.
Tính Lại (Recalculate)¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
và
- Tổ Hợp Phím Tắt [Shortcut]:
Shift-N và Shift-Ctrl-N
Flips the orientation of the selected faces where necessary, making them all point outward (or inward). The mesh does not need to be a closed volume for this.
As with Flip, this operation does not affect custom split normals.
Đặt từ Các Mặt (Set from Faces)¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
Sets the custom split normals of each selected vertex to the average normal of its surrounding selected faces.
- Giữ Lại/Duy Trì các Cạnh Sắc Nhọn [Keep Sharp Edges]
When checked, face corners that are part of a Sharp edge will keep their original custom normal.
Xoay Chiều (Rotate)¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
- Tổ Hợp Phím Tắt [Shortcut]:
R followed by N
Tool for rotating the custom split normals of the selected face corners by moving the mouse. Click LMB to confirm or RMB to cancel.
Hướng về phía mục tiêu (Point to Target)¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
- Tổ Hợp Phím Tắt [Shortcut]:
Alt-L
Makes the custom split normals of the selected face corners point at a certain target. After clicking the menu item or pressing the keyboard shortcut, choose the target by pressing one of the following keys (also shown in the status bar):
M for the mouse cursor.
L for the Pivot Point.
O for the object origin.
Ctrl-LMB for the Con Trỏ 3D (3D Cursor). This also changes the location of the Cursor.
Ctrl-RMB for a certain vertex, edge, or face. Make sure not to click a space where there's no geometry, as doing so will extrude the selection instead.
In addition, the following options are available:
- Đảo Nghịch (Invert) I
Make the normals point away from the target instead.
- Căn Chỉnh (Align) A
All normals will point in the same direction: from the average position of the selected vertices to the target.
- Hình Cầu Hóa (Spherize) S
Interpolate between each normal's original and new orientation. The interpolation value can be set in the Điều Chỉnh Thao Tác Trước Đây (Adjust Last Operation) panel after confirming the operator.
- Hoàn Lại (Reset) R
Reset the custom normals to what they were when the operation started.
After configuring the normals, press LMB or Return to confirm. The above options can then still be changed in the Adjust Last Operation panel.
Hợp Nhất [Merge]¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
Applies smooth shading to the selected faces and clears the Sharp mark for the selected edges. Then, at each selected vertex, sets the custom normals that are part of a smooth-shaded face to their average orientation. (Custom normals that are part of a flat-shaded face are left unchanged.)
To average the custom normals regardless of face selection, use the Trung Bình/Hóa operator.
Tách Phân (Split)¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
Applies flat shading to the selected faces and marks the selected edges as Sharp. Then, at each selected vertex, sets each custom normal that's part of a flat-shaded face to the normal of that face. (Custom normals that are part of a smooth-shaded face are set to the average of the normals of those faces.)
Trung Bình/Hóa¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
For each selected vertex, divides the connected face corners into groups based on Sharp edges, then sets the custom normals of the face corners in each group to a certain average. The Điều Chỉnh Thao Tác Trước Đây (Adjust Last Operation) panel has the following options:
- Thể Loại (Type)
- Pháp Tuyến Tùy Chỉnh (Custom Normal):
Set the custom normals of the face corners in each group to their average.
- Diện Tích Mặt (Face Area):
Set the custom normals of the face corners in each group to a weighted average of their face normals. The weights are determined by face area: larger faces have more influence on the final normal.
- Góc Độ của Đỉnh (Corner Angle):
Like Face Area, except the weights are determined by the face corner angles.
- Trọng Lượng (Weight)
If the Type is set to Face Area or Corner Angle, the Weight influences which face normals the averaged normal leans towards. If it's 50, a simple weighted average is used. If it's 100, the averaged normal is based solely on the faces with the largest area (or corners with the largest angle). If it's 1, the normal is based solely on the faces with the smallest area (or corners with the smallest angle).
- Ngưỡng (Threshold)
Tolerance value for treating face areas (or corner angles) as equal.
Averaging the custom normals for two vertices. The top vertex has two groups of faces separated by Sharp edges, so two separate averages are calculated. The bottom vertex has no Sharp edges, so only one average is calculated.¶
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The Bộ Điều Chỉnh Pháp Tuyến Cân Trọng (Weighted Normal Modifier) does this non-destructively.
Copy Vector¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
Copies a single normal vector to an internal clipboard:
If a face is selected, its normal is copied.
If a vertex is selected, its normal is copied, but only if all its custom split normals are the same.
If a face corner is selected, its custom split normal is copied.
Paste Vector¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
Pastes the previously copied normal vector onto the selected face corners. The Điều Chỉnh Thao Tác Trước Đây (Adjust Last Operation) panel has the following option:
- Absolute Coordinates
When enabled, sets the custom split normals of the selected face corners to the pasted normal. When disabled, adds the pasted normal as an offset.
Làm Mịn các Véctơ (Smooth Vectors)¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
Smooths out the custom normals of each selected vertex by averaging with the normals at neighboring vertices. The Điều Chỉnh Thao Tác Trước Đây (Adjust Last Operation) panel has the following option:
- Hệ Số (Factor)
Smoothing strength. Specifically, this is the interpolation value between the original normals and the averaged ones.
Hoàn Lại Véctơ (Reset Vectors)¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
Resets the custom normals of the selected face corners to their default.
Chọn theo Cường Độ Mặt (Select by Face Strength)¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
Selects the faces that have a specific Strength (Weak, Medium, or Strong) and deselects the others.
This property is used by the Bộ Điều Chỉnh Pháp Tuyến Cân Trọng (Weighted Normal Modifier) if its Face Influence setting is enabled.
Đặt Cường Độ Mặt (Set Face Strength)¶
Tham Chiếu [Reference]
- Chế Độ [Mode]:
Chế Độ Biên Soạn [Edit Mode]
- Trình Đơn [Menu]:
Sets the Strength of the selected faces to Weak, Medium, or Strong. By default, all faces have a strength of Medium.
This property is used by the Bộ Điều Chỉnh Pháp Tuyến Cân Trọng (Weighted Normal Modifier) if its Face Influence setting is enabled.