Геометрия (geometry)¶
Панель «геометрия».¶
- Смещение (offset)
Moves the extrusion parallel to the curve normals.
Bézier Circle -1 offset, 0.5 extrusion, 0.25 Bevel Depth, 10 Bevel resolution.¶
- Экструдировать (extrude)
Will extrude the curve along both the positive and negative local Z axes. Turns a one-dimensional curve into a two-dimensional curve by giving it height. With a scale is the sum of both directions, perpendicular to the curve’s normals.
- Taper Object
Tapering a curve causes it to get thinner towards one end. You can also alter the proportions of the Taper throughout the tapered object by moving/scaling/rotating the control points of the Taper Object. The taper curve is evaluated along the local X axis, using the local Y axis for width control. In order for this to work the Taper Object can only be another open curve.
The details are:
The taper is applied independently to all curves of the extruded object.
Only the first curve in a Taper Object is evaluated, even if you have several separated segments.
The scaling starts at the first control point on the left and moves along the curve to the last control point on the right.
Negative scaling, (e.g. negative local Y on the taper curve) is possible as well. However, rendering artifacts may appear.
You may need to increase the curve resolution to see more detail of the taper.
The Taper Object is distributed by control points. Therefor unevenly spaced control points may likelier to stretch the shape of the taper. Subdividing segments causes those points to use a larger fraction of the overall taper shape.
With closed curves, the taper curve in Taper Object acts along the whole curve (perimeter of the object), not just the length of the object, and varies the extrusion depth. In these cases, you want the relative height of the Taper Object Taper curve at both ends to be the same, so that the cyclic point (the place where the endpoint of the curve connects to the beginning) is a smooth transition.
Подсказка
Editing the handles and control points of the Taper Object will instantly change the shape of the original object.
- Taper Mode
For curves using a Taper Object, this option defines how the effective curve radius is computed from the Taper Object.
- Переопределить (override):
The curve radius is ignored and the effective radius is equal to the taper radius.
- Перемножить (multiply):
The effective radius is computed by multiplying the taper radius with the curve radius.
- Добавить (Сложить) (add):
The effective radius is computed by adding the taper radius to the curve radius.
- Map Taper
For curves using a Taper Object and with modifications to the Start/End Bevel Factor the Map Taper option will apply the taper to the beveled part of the curve (not the whole curve).
Фаска (bevel)¶
Округлить (round)¶
- Глубина (depth)
Changes the size of the bevel.
- Разрешение (resolution)
Alters the smoothness of the bevel.
- Заполнение краёв (fill caps)
Seals the ends of a beveled curve.
Объект (object)¶
- Объект (object)
Here you can specify a profile curve object (opened or closed) which will be extruded along the path curve. If the profile curve’s shape is 3D, it will be projected to its local XY plane before the extrusion. You can check what the projected object looks like by switching its shape to 2D.
Важно
Make sure the shape you want to extrude is in the Object’s local XY plane. If it is in the local XZ or YZ plane, it will be reduced to a line when it is projected to the local XY plane. Because of this, the extruded shape will be a flat plane.
Примечание
If the selected curve has modifiers, these will not be taken into account. The extrusion will use the original curve shape. The reason for this behavior is that curves turn into meshes internally when they have modifiers on them, at which point they can’t be used as bevel objects anymore.
To work around this, you can disable beveling on the path curve, and instead add geometry nodes to it: retrieve the profile curve using an Нода «Информация об объекте» (object info node), convert it from a mesh back into a curve using a Нода «Меш в кривую» (mesh to curve node), and finally pass both the path curve and the profile curve to a Нода «Кривую в меш» (curve to mesh node).
Profile (профиль)¶
Виджет настраиваемого профиля.¶
Этот виджет кривых позволяет создавать пользовательский профиль бо́льшей сложности, чем при использовании только одного параметра профиля. Модальный инструмент позволяет переключать пользовательский профиль, но форму профиля можно редактировать только на панели параметров после подтверждения операции.
Профиль начинается в правом нижнем углу виджета и заканчивается в левом верхнем углу, как если бы он находился между двумя рёбрами, пересекающимися под прямым углом. В виджете создаются контрольные точки, а затем путь сэмплируется с количеством сегментов, заданным модификатором Bevel.
Примечание
Виджет профиля кривой остаётся активным при включении соединений углов, поскольку он по-прежнему контролирует форму профилей соединений в углах.
- Пресеты (presets)
Пресеты Support Loops и Steps строятся динамически в зависимости от количества сегментов фаски. При изменении количества сегментов – пресет необходимо будет применить повторно.
- Сэмплирование (sampling)
Сначала в каждую контрольную точку будут добавлены сэмплы, затем, если сэмплов достаточно, они будут равномерно распределены между рёбрами. Параметр Sample Straight Edges включает – будут ли сэмплы добавляться к краям с острыми контрольными точками с обеих сторон. Если сэмплов недостаточно, чтобы дать каждому краю одинаковое количество сэмплов – они будут просто добавлены к наиболее изогнутым рёбрам. Поэтому рекомендуется использовать, как минимум, столько сегментов, сколько имеется контрольных точек.
Start & End Mapping¶
- Factor Start, End
These options determine where to start/end the geometry of the curve. This allows to make a curve which is not fully covered with geometry.
A Start value to 0.5 will start the geometry at 50% of the distance from the start of the curve (in effect shortening the curve). An End value of 0.75 will start the geometry at 25% of the distance from the end of the curve (again, shortening the curve).
- Mapping Start, End
Allows to control the relation between the Factor Start, End (number between 0 and 1) and the rendered start and end point of the spline’s geometry.
- Разрешение (resolution):
Maps the start and end factor to the number of subdivisions of a spline (U resolution).
- Сегменты (segments):
Maps the start and end factor to the length of its segments. Mapping to segments treats the subdivisions in each segment of a curve as if they would have all the same length.
- Cплайн (spline):
Maps the start and end factor to the length of a spline.
Примеры¶
Open 2D Curve¶
The extrusion will create a «wall» or «ribbon» following the curve shape. If using a Bevel Depth, the wall becomes a sort of slide or gutter. If your normals are facing the wrong way you can switch their direction as shown here.
Open 2D Curve with Alt-C, fill set to none, zero offset, 0.5 extrusion, 0.25 Bevel Depth, 10 Bevel resolution.¶
Closed 2D Curve¶
This is probably the most useful situation, as it will quickly create a volume, with (by default) two flat and parallel surfaces filling the two sides of the extruded «wall». You can remove one or both of these faces by choosing the fill mode: both, front, back, or none.
The optional bevel depth will always create a 90 degree bevels here.
Closed 2D Curve, 0.5 extrude, 0.25 Bevel Depth, 10 Bevel resolution, Fill: Both.¶
3D Curve¶
Here the fact that the curve is closed or not has no importance – you will never get a volume with an extruded 3D curve, only a wall or ribbon, like with open 2D curves.
However, there is one more feature with 3D curves: the Tilt of the control points (see above). It will make the ribbon twist around the curve to create a Möbius strip, for example.
Taper¶
Let us taper a simple curve circle extruded object using a taper curve. Add a curve, then exit Edit Mode. Add another one (a closed one, like a circle); call it «BevelCurve», and enter its name in the Bevel Object field of the first curve (Curve tab). We now have a pipe. Add a third curve while in Object Mode and call it «TaperCurve». Adjust the left control point by raising it up about 5 units.
Now return to the Object tab, and edit the first curve’s Taper Object field in the Geometry panel to reference the new taper curve which we called «TaperCurve». When you hit enter the taper curve is applied immediately, with the results shown in Fig. Circle curve set as Bevel Object..
You can see the taper curve being applied to the extruded object. Notice how the pipe’s volume shrinks to nothing as the taper curve goes from left to right. If the taper curve went below the local Y axis the pipe’s inside would become the outside, which would lead to rendering artifacts. Of course as an artist that may be what you are looking for!
Taper example 1.¶
In Fig. Taper example 1. you can clearly see the effect the left taper curve has on the right curve object. Here the left taper curve is closer to the object origin and that results in a smaller curve object to the right.
Taper example 2.¶
In Fig. Taper example 2. a control point in the taper curve to the left is moved away from the origin and that gives a wider result to the curve object on the right.
Taper example 3.¶
In Fig. Taper example 3. we see the use of a more irregular taper curve applied to a curve circle.
Bevel extrusion with Tilt example.¶