内力

By default, the edges of a soft-body mesh act like springs. This means that, like a mechanical spring, they can stretch under tension and squeeze under pressure. Their initial length is also their "ideal" or "rest" length, which they try to return to.

Having edges act like springs is what holds the mesh together. If you were to disable this behavior (as well as the 目标), each vertex would be free to go anywhere independently of the others, which would stretch the mesh until it's no longer recognizable.

Having springs along edges alone typically isn't enough, however: vertices in quads are still free to move towards their diagonal opposite, potentially collapsing the quad into a line.

你可以通过在各网格顶点之间创建对角线边缘来解决这个问题。不过还好你无需这样做,只需要启用 Stiffness硬度 这个选项,Blender 便会自动在内部创建对角线弹性。通过这种方法,你便不需要修改网格。

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_theory-1.svg

Base springs along edges.

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_theory-2.svg

Additional springs when Stiffness is enabled.

Another method of preventing mesh collapse is applying Bending Stiffness, which adds rotational resistance: making edges try to keep their relative angles.

Both of these methods are described in more detail below. You can configure them, as well as other settings, in the Soft Body Edges panel.

Stiffness 硬度

To show the effect of the Stiffness setting, we will drop two cubes onto a plane (see Collisions). The blue cube uses quads, while the red one uses tris. Both cubes have their Goal setting disabled.

If Stiffness is disabled, the quad-only cube will collapse completely, while the tri cube only temporarily deforms from the impact:

无硬度。
../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-sb-001.png

第1帧。

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-sb-036.png

第36帧。

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-sb-401.png

第401帧。

If Stiffness is enabled, the quad cube maintains its shape as well thanks to the extra springs:

有硬度。
../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-sb-001.png

第1帧。

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-sb-sq-036.png

第36帧。

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-sb-sq-401.png

第401帧。

抗弯刚性

The second method to stop an object from collapsing is to give it Bending Stiffness. Just like the other settings, this can be combined with Stiffness to add bending resistance to the diagonal springs as well.

We first do the same cube experiment as before, using only Bending Stiffness:

抗弯刚性。
../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-sb-001.png

第1帧。

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-sb-bs-036.png

第36帧。

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-sb-bs-401.png

第401帧。

Both cubes keep their shape. Now, we try the same thing with subdivided planes, again a quad-based one and a triangulated one:

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-bending-001.png

两个平面落下。

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-bending-101.png

无抗弯刚性。

../../../_images/physics_soft-body_forces_interior_quadvstri-bending-high-101.png

高抗弯刚性(10)。

Without any Bending Stiffness, the faces can rotate freely as though their edges were hinges. Enabling Stiffness to add diagonal springs would not change this (just as triangulating doesn't).

With a high Bending Stiffness, however, the edges resist this rotation, and the planes act more like planks than towels.