Модификаторы F-кривых (F-curve modifiers)¶
Ссылка
- Панель:
F-Curve modifiers are similar to object modifiers, in that they add non-destructive effects that can be adjusted at any time and layered to create more complex effects.
Modifiers are evaluated from top to bottom. You can change their order by dragging the dots in their top right corner.
Some modifiers require being first and cannot be used together. These currently include the Cycles and Smooth (Gaussian) modifiers.
Интерфейс (interface)¶
- Имя (name)
By default, modifiers are named after their function, but this can be changed.
- Выключить (mute)
Click the checkbox in a modifier’s header to disable it.
- Удалить (delete)
Click the cross in a modifier’s header to delete it.
- Влияние (influence)
Lets you blend between the original curve and the modified one.
- Restrict Frame Range
- Начало/Конец (start/end)
The frame on which the modifier’s effect starts/ends.
- Blend In/Out
The number of frames, relative the start/end values above, it takes the modifier to fade in/out.
Adding a Modifier¶
Панель модификатора.¶
F-Curve Modifiers can be added in several ways. Via the Channel Menu in the Graph Editor, the channel region context menu (right click in the channel region), plus they can be added and managed in the Modifiers tab of the Sidebar.
To add a modifier, first select an F-Curve (in the channel region or by selecting one of its keyframes), then chose Add F-Curve Modifer from one of the menus or by clicking the Add Modifier dropdown in the Sidebar. This will let you choose which type of the modifier to add to the selected F-Curves.
Deleting F-Curve Modifiers¶
Just like adding an F-Curve Modifier, there are several ways you can remove them. Single modifiers can be removed by clicking the X icon next to the modifier in the Sidebar. Multiple modifiers can be removed at once with the Delete F-Curve Modifiers operator.
This can be found in the Channel Menu, or the Channel Region context menu (right click in the channel region). After chosing this menu option, you can open the redo panel to adjust the settings if needed.
Redo Panel¶
- Режим (mode)
Method used to remove F-Curve Modifiers from the selected curves.
- Remove All:
This will delete all the F-Curve Modifiers from the selected curves (default option).
- Remove Type:
Only remove the specific type of modifier from the selected curves, leaving the others untouched.
- Remove First:
Remove the modifier that is at the top stack on each of the selected curves.
- Тип (type)
Specify which type of modifier to remove (this option will only be visible when the Mode is set to „Remove Type“).
Types of Modifiers¶
Generator Modifier¶
Creates a polynomial function. These are basic mathematical formulas that represent lines, parabolas, and other more complex curves, depending on the values used.
См. также
Также смотрите статью Gimbal на англоязычной Википедии и статью Карданов подвес на русскоязычной Википедии.
- Режим (mode)
Method used to represent the equation.
- Expanded Polynomial:
Equation in the form \(y = A + Bx^1 + Cx^2 + ... + Dx^n\).
- Factorized Polynomial:
Equation in the form \(y = (Ax + B)(Cx + D)\).
- Добавление (additive)
Add the polynomial to the curve rather than replacing it.
- Порядок (order)
The highest power of
xfor this polynomial.- Константа (сonstant)
The constants A, B, C… in the equation.
Built-in Function Modifier¶
These are additional formulas, each with the same options to control their shape. Consult mathematics reference for more detailed information on each function:
- Тип (type)
Встроенная функция для использования:
Normalized Sine: \(sin(x)/x\)
- Добавление (additive)
Add the function to the curve rather than replacing it.
- Амплитуда (amplitude)
Adjusts the Y scaling.
- Phase Multiplier
Adjusts the X scaling.
- Смещение фазы (phase offset)
Adjusts the X offset.
- Value Offset
Adjusts the Y offset.
Модификатор «Оболочка» (envelope modifier)¶
Lets you reshape the curve. First, you define an envelope, which consists of two horizontal lines that more or less match the curve’s lower and upper bounds. Then, you add control points, where each point can push, squeeze, and stretch the envelope (and the curve along with it) at a certain frame.
Модификатор «Оболочка».¶
- Ссылка
The value which the envelope is centered around.
- Мин./Макс. (min/max)
The offset from the reference value to the envelope’s initial lower/upper bound.
- Add Control Point
Adds a control point at the current frame.
- Точка (point)
- Кадр (frame)
Кадр контрольной точки.
- Мин./Макс. (min/max)
The offset from the reference value to the envelope’s adjusted lower/upper bound at this frame.
Cycles Modifier¶
Makes the curve repeat itself.
Примечание
The Cycles Modifier has to be the first modifier in the list.
This modifier needs to know exactly where the keyframes are located, which is not possible when other modifiers are processed first. This means this modifier is not compatible with the Smooth (Gaussian) Modifier.
- Before/After Mode
- No Cycles
Do not repeat the curve before/after the original.
- Repeat Motion
Repeats the curve, keeping the values of each copy the same.
- Repeat with Offset
Repeats the curve, offsetting each copy vertically so that its first keyframe matches the previous last keyframe.
- Повторять с зеркалированием (repeat mirrored)
Repeats the curve, flipping every other copy horizontally.
- Количество (count)
Количество создаваемых копий. Значение 0 означает бесконечность.
Trivially Cyclic Curves¶
When the Cycle Mode for both ends is set to either Repeat Motion or Repeat with Offset, and no other options of the modifier are changed from their defaults, it defines a simple infinite cycle.
This special case receives some additional support from other areas of Blender:
Automatic Bézier handle placement is aware of the cycle and adjusts to achieve a smooth transition.
The Cycle-Aware Keying option can be enabled to take the cycle into account when inserting new keyframes.
Модификатор «Шум» (noise modifier)¶
Modifies the curve with a noise formula. This is useful for adding subtle or extreme randomness to animated movements, like camera shake.
- Blend Type
- Заменить (replace):
Adds noise in the range [-0.5, 0.5].
- Добавить (add):
Добавляет шум в диапазоне [0, 1].
- Вычесть (subtract):
Subtracts noise in the range [0, 1].
- Перемножить (multiply):
Multiplies by noise in the range [0, 1].
- Масштаб (scale)
Changes the horizontal scale of the noise. Higher values make for less dense oscillation.
- Сила* (strength)
Изменяет вертикальный масштаб шума.
- Смещение (offset)
Offsets the noise in time.
- Фаза (phase)
Adjusts the random seed of the noise.
- Глубина (depth)
Adjusts how detailed the noise function is.
- Лакунарность (lacunarity)
Gap between successive frequencies. Depth has to be greater than 0 for this to have an effect.
- Шероховатость (roughness)
The amount of high frequency detail. Depth has to be greater than 0 for this to have an effect.
Limits Modifier¶
Limits the curve to specific time and value ranges.
- Minimum, Maximum X
Removes the original curve data to the left of the minimum frame and to the right of the maximum, replacing it by Constant extrapolation.
- Minimum, Maximum Y
Clamps the curve values, never letting them go below the minimum or above the maximum.
Stepped Interpolation Modifier¶
Gives the curve a stepped appearance by sampling it every N frames and making it hold its value after each sample. In a sense, this lowers the curve’s frame rate by letting it change its value less frequently, producing choppy movement as a result.
- Размер шага (step size)
Количество кадров для хранения каждого шага.
- Смещение (offset)
Количество кадров для смещения точек сэмплинга.
- Начальный кадр (start frame)
Кадр, с которого начнётся применение эффекта.
- Конечный кадр (end frame)
Кадр, на котором следует прекратить применение эффекта.
Модификатор «Сглаживание (по Гауссу)» (smooth (Gaussian) modifier)¶
Uses Gaussian smoothing to reduce detail and noise in the curve. It performs the same smoothing as the Smoothing Operator.
This uses linear interpolation for subframes which can introduce issues related to motion blur.
Note that this can be a resource-heavy modifier, and its effect on performance can become noticeable when used on many F-Curves.
Примечание
The Smooth (Gaussian) modifier has to be the first modifier in the list.
This modifier needs to know exactly where the keyframes are located, which is not possible when other modifiers are processed first. This means this modifier is not compatible with the Cycles Modifier.
- Сигма
The shape of the Gaussian distribution in frames. Lower values will increase sharpness, reducing the smoothing effect. Larger values will result in more smoothing, but are limited by the Filter Width (see below).
- Filter Width
The number of frames the filter «sees» around each keyframe. Higher values allow more smoothing (larger Sigma can then smooth over more frames), but this will decrease performance.