Inverse Kinematics Constraint – Примус «Інверсна Кінематик໶
The Inverse Kinematics constraint makes not just one bone, but a whole chain of bones rotate to follow a target. A common example is automatically rotating the bones in a character’s arm to achieve a desired hand position. See Inverse Kinematics for details.
The constraint can be added quickly using the shortcut Shift-I. See Додати IK до Кістки.
Примітка
Примуси ІК особливі у тому, що вони модифікують одночасно кілька кісток. З цієї причини вони ігнорують їх позицію в стеку та завжди виконуються після всіх інших примусів на задіяних кістках. Для застосування примусів після IK необхідно спершу скопіювати фінальну трансформацію на новий ланцюг кісток, наприклад, за допомогою примуса копіювання трансформ Copy Transforms.
Options – Опції¶
Inverse Kinematics constraint.¶
- Target
The object or bone which the IK chain should point towards.
Порада
Unlike other constraints which require a valid Target, the Inverse Kinematics constraint can work without one. In this case, the «chain tip» bone can be moved and rotated freely, and only its ancestors will be constrained.
- Pole Target – Ціль Полюса
The object or bone that determines the roll of the IK chain. For example, when applying IK to a character’s arm and using the Target to determine the position of the hand, the Pole Target determines the rotation of the arm, or put differently, the position of the elbow.
- Iterations – Ітерації
Максимальна кількість повторів обчислення.
- Chain Length – Довжина Ланцюга
The number of bones affected by the constraint, starting with the owner bone and walking up its chain of ancestors. A value of 1 will only rotate the bone itself, a value of 2 will rotate the bone and its parent, and so on.
A value of 0 will include all of the bone’s ancestors (up to the root).
- Use Tail – Вжити Хвіст
Use the bone’s tail as the end of the chain. Unchecking this will use the bone’s head instead.
- Stretch – Розтяг
Whether bones are allowed to scale up or down in order to reach the Target. This only applies to bones with an Розтягування ІК value that’s greater than 0.
- Weight Position – Вагомість Позиції
The checkbox determines whether the end of the chain should (try to) match the position of the Target.
The slider determines how strongly this chain affects its bones, compared to other IK chains that affect those same bones. This kind of structure is called a «tree», likening the chain tip bones to branches and their shared parents to a trunk. If a branch bone has a Weight of 1, it will «pull» on the trunk twice as hard as a branch with a Weight of 0.5.
- Обертання
The checkbox determines whether the end of the chain should match the rotation of the Target.
The slider determines how strongly this chain affects its bones, compared to other IK chains that affect those same bones.
- Influence – Вплив
How strongly the constraint affects the bone.
Розв’язувач iTaSC¶
If the armature is configured to use the iTaSC IK Solver, the constraint has the following additional parameters:
- IK Type – Тип ІК
- Copy Pose – Копія Пози:
Just as with the Standard IK solver, the chain tip matches the location and/or rotation of the Target.
- Axis Reference – Орієнтир Осі
The meaning of the axes in the Lock settings below.
- Bone – Кістка:
The chain tip should be positioned (or rotated) so that the Target has an X/Y/Z coordinate (or angle) of 0 in the space of the bone.
- Ціль:
The chain tip should be positioned (or rotated) so that it has an X/Y/Z coordinate (or angle) of 0 in the space of the Target.
- Lock Position/Rotation X/Y/Z
Whether the chain tip is constrained to match the Target along each axis.
Примітка
Despite their name, these settings do not lock the bones to a fixed pose. For that, see the Lock – Блокування settings in the bones“ Inverse Kinematics properties.
- : Distance:
The end of the chain stays inside, on the surface of, or outside a sphere centered on the Target.
- Limit Mode – Режим Ліміту
- Inside – Всередині:
The chain tip stays close to the target.
- Outside – Зовні:
The chain tip stays away from the target.
- On Surface – На Поверхні:
The chain tip stays at an exact distance from the target.
- Distance – Відстань
The distance to maintain.